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Attachment discs of benthic stalked forms, which adhere to microbial mats at the sediment\u2013water interface, are unequivocally present without stalks or other upper parts in most discoidal Ediacaran assemblages. However, many discoidal assemblages are likely to have represented a heterogeneous mixture of benthic discoidal organisms, including bacterial colonies, fungi, actinian-grade cnidarians, and perhaps poriferans. Such organisms probably account for the vast majority of fossils in the Fermeuse Formation of Newfoundland and similar assemblages from Norway, England, and Wales. Discs in the underlying complex Mistaken Point assemblages, however, likely mostly represent holdfasts. Other complex assemblages, such as those of South Australia and the White Sea of Russia, unequivocally contain more than one biological construction responsible for the discoidal structures, but holdfasts likely represent a significant proportion. The disc-dominated Fermeuse assemblages and the nearby rangeomorph-dominated Mistaken Point assemblages are unlikely to merely represent different taphonomic windows on identical communities, as previously suggested, but rather reflect environmental control on both biotic composition and taphonomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/sp286.21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,13]],"date-time":"2007-12-13T11:54:24Z","timestamp":1197546864000},"page":"297-313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Discoidal fossils of the Ediacaran biota: a review of current understanding"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"286","author":[{"given":"B. 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