{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:56:24Z","timestamp":1750308984224,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1982,9,1]],"date-time":"1982-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":399686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGACT News"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper examines the forces driving public development of cryptography today and projects the course of the field over the next fifteen years with attention to the possible influence of government regulation.This paper was prepared, under contractual arrangements to CRC Systems, in support of the Commerce Department (National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Special Projects Office) response to a White House Office of Science and Technology Policy request that the secretaries of the Departments of Commerce and Defense propose a national policy on cryptography.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1008902.1008903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]],"date-time":"2004-10-12T15:20:46Z","timestamp":1097594446000},"page":"38-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cryptographic technology"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Whitfield","family":"Diffie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BNR INC., Mountain View, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1982,9]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Public Cryptography Study Group","year":"1981","author":"Final Draft","key":"e_1_2_1_1_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"76","volume-title":"Spurt in '80's,\" Electrical Buisness","author":"Burstyn H. P.","year":"1979"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","article-title":"A Simple and Effective Public Key Cryptosystem","volume":"9","author":"Lu COMSAT","year":"1979","journal-title":"Comsat Technical Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"{DES} \"Data Encryption Standard \" Federal Information Standards Publication 46 National Bureau of Standards 15 January 1977.  {DES} \"Data Encryption Standard \" Federal Information Standards Publication 46 National Bureau of Standards 15 January 1977."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Hellman, \"Multiuser Cryptographic Techniques","volume":"7","author":"Diffie Whitfield","year":"1976","journal-title":"National Computer Conference, New York"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Hellman, \"New Directions in Cryptography","author":"Whitfield Diffie Diffie","year":"1976","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/C-M.1977.217750"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"{Diffie 80} Unpublished calculations by Diffie based on 1980 conversations with Advanced Micro Devices personal.  {Diffie 80} Unpublished calculations by Diffie based on 1980 conversations with Advanced Micro Devices personal."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"NEC Systems Recognize and Speaker's Words","year":"1980","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"{EMMS} \"Typewriters With Ears Words with Pix \" Electronic Mail and Message Systems Vol. 4 No. 18 15 September 1980.  {EMMS} \"Typewriters With Ears Words with Pix \" Electronic Mail and Message Systems Vol. 4 No. 18 15 September 1980."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"{IRD} International Resource Development \"Data and Voice Encryption \" March 1979 p. 62.  {IRD} International Resource Development \"Data and Voice Encryption \" March 1979 p. 62."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"{ITAR80} \"Revision of the International Tariff in Arms Regulations \" Federal Register 45-FR-83970-95 19 December 1980.  {ITAR80} \"Revision of the International Tariff in Arms Regulations \" Federal Register 45-FR-83970-95 19 December 1980."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"{Kahn} David Kahn \"The Codebreakers The Story of Secret Writing \" New York: Macmillan 1967.  {Kahn} David Kahn \"The Codebreakers The Story of Secret Writing \" New York: Macmillan 1967."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"{MAPTEK} \"Unscrambling the Encryption Market \" Quantum Science Corporation MAPTEK Brief vol. 78 no. 424 31 March 1978.  {MAPTEK} \"Unscrambling the Encryption Market \" Quantum Science Corporation MAPTEK Brief vol. 78 no. 424 31 March 1978."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Hiding Information and Signatures in Trapdoor Knapsacks","author":"Merkle R. 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Most of this issue and the May 1979 \"Born Secret \" issue of The Progressive are devoted to explaining the legal battle.  {Progressive} The article \"The H-Bomb Secret How we got it - Why We're Telling It \" by Howard Morland was finally published in The Progressive for November 1979. Most of this issue and the May 1979 \"Born Secret \" issue of The Progressive are devoted to explaining the legal battle."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/359340.359342"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Data Encryption with Public Key Distribution","volume":"79","author":"Shanning Brian P.","year":"1979","journal-title":"IEEE EASCON"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"{Simmons} Gustavus J. Simmons \"Message Authentication Without Secrecy: A Secure Communications Problem Uniquely Solvable by Asymetric Encryption Techniques \" IEEE EASCON '79 Washington D.C. 9-11 October 1979.  {Simmons} Gustavus J. 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