{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:43:52Z","timestamp":1750308232863,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,1,1]],"date-time":"1985-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":473385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGSOFT Softw. Eng. Notes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper considers why the software community has not yet automated the process of developing software. It identifies some of the major factors which inhibit the establishment of a unifying view. The paper considers alternate views of the development process and discusses implications of each. Finally, it reviews some of the non-technical issues related to software development. This is a paper of ideas; no solutions are offered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1012443.1012447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,7]],"date-time":"2004-10-07T17:39:09Z","timestamp":1097170749000},"page":"43-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Understanding the software paradox"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Bruce","family":"Blum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"What About CAD\/CAM for Software? The ARGUS Concept. Softfair Proceedings","author":"Stucki L. G.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Stucki , L. G. , What About CAD\/CAM for Software? The ARGUS Concept. Softfair Proceedings , IEEE Press , 1983 . Stucki, L. G., What About CAD\/CAM for Software? The ARGUS Concept. Softfair Proceedings, IEEE Press, 1983."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Executive Summary of the Second Software Life Cycle Management Workshop, Proceedings, IEEE Press.","author":"Basili V. R.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Basili , V. R. , E. H. Ely , and D. Young , Executive Summary of the Second Software Life Cycle Management Workshop, Proceedings, IEEE Press. 1978 . Basili, V. R., E. H. Ely, and D. Young, Executive Summary of the Second Software Life Cycle Management Workshop, Proceedings, IEEE Press. 1978."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"IEEE Computer Society","author":"Workshop","year":"1983","unstructured":"Workshop on Software Engineering Technology Transfer , IEEE Computer Society , 1983 . Workshop on Software Engineering Technology Transfer, IEEE Computer Society, 1983."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"8","volume-title":"Design, Reliability and Management","author":"Shooman M. L.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Shooman , M. L. , Software Engineering , Design, Reliability and Management , New York, NY : McGraw-Hill , 1983 , pp. 8 -- 10 . Shooman, M. L., Software Engineering, Design, Reliability and Management, New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1983, pp. 8--10."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"London","author":"Jackson M. A.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Jackson , M. A. , Principles of Program Design , London ; Academic Press , 1975 . Jackson, M. A., Principles of Program Design, London; Academic Press, 1975."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"KS","author":"Orr K.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Orr , K. , Structured Requirements Definition. Topeka , KS ; Ken Orr and Associates, Inc. , 1981 . Orr, K., Structured Requirements Definition. Topeka, KS; Ken Orr and Associates, Inc., 1981."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Englewood Cliffs, N.J.","author":"DeMarco T.","year":"1978","unstructured":"DeMarco , T. , Structured Analysis and System Specification , Englewood Cliffs, N.J. ; Prentice-Hall , 1978 . DeMarco, T., Structured Analysis and System Specification, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.; Prentice-Hall, 1978."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"NJ","author":"Gane C.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Gane , C. and T. Sarson , Structured Systems Analysis: Tools and Techniques. Englewood Cliffs , NJ ; Prentice Hall , 1979 . Gane, C. and T. Sarson, Structured Systems Analysis: Tools and Techniques. Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice Hall, 1979."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"NJ","author":"Pyle I. C.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Pyle , I. C. , The ADA Programming Language. Englewood Cliffs , NJ ; Prentice Hall , 1981 . p 1 . Pyle, I. C., The ADA Programming Language. Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice Hall, 1981. p 1."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.1983.1654382"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Automated Tools for Software Engineering","author":"Miller E.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Miller , E. , Tutorial : Automated Tools for Software Engineering , IEEE Press , 1979 . Miller, E., Tutorial: Automated Tools for Software Engineering, IEEE Press, 1979."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-C.1974.224002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1147\/sj.161.0054"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"476","volume-title":"Englewood Cliffs, NJ","author":"Boehm B. W.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Boehm , B. W. , Software Engineering Economics , Englewood Cliffs, NJ ; Prentice Hall , 1981 . pp. 476 -- 477 . Boehm, B. W., Software Engineering Economics, Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice Hall, 1981. pp. 476--7."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1983.235429"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"The Mythical Man-Month","author":"Brooks F. P.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Brooks , F. P. , Jr. , The Mythical Man-Month , Addison-Wesley , Reading, MA , 1975 . Brooks, F. P., Jr., The Mythical Man-Month, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1975."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1005937.1005943"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1005950.1005953"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.220.4596.477"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1005937.1005945"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/358141.358149"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PROC.1980.11805"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"4","volume-title":"Perspectives in Computing (IBM) 3 (May 1983) 2","author":"Karplus W. J.","unstructured":"Karplus , W. J. , The Spectrum of Mathematical Models , Perspectives in Computing (IBM) 3 (May 1983) 2 , pp 4 - 14 . Karplus, W. J., The Spectrum of Mathematical Models, Perspectives in Computing (IBM) 3 (May 1983) 2, pp 4-14."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"December","author":"Lehman M. M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lehman , M. M. , Program Evolution , Imperial College of Science and Technology Research Report DoC 82\/1 , December 1982 . Lehman, M. M., Program Evolution, Imperial College of Science and Technology Research Report DoC 82\/1, December 1982."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"534","volume-title":"Seventh International Conference on Software Engineering, IEEE Press.","author":"Blum B. I.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Blum , B. I. , Three Paradigms for Developing Information Systems , Seventh International Conference on Software Engineering, IEEE Press. 1984 , pp 534 - 543 . Blum, B. I., Three Paradigms for Developing Information Systems, Seventh International Conference on Software Engineering, IEEE Press. 1984, pp 534-543."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"370","volume-title":"Englewood Cliffs, NJ","author":"Jackson M. A.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Jackson , M. A. , System Development , Englewood Cliffs, NJ ; Prentice Hall , 1983 , p 370 - 373 . Jackson, M. A., System Development, Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice Hall, 1983, p 370-373."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Removing the Limitations of Natural Language (with Principles behind the RSA Language) Software Engineering, (ed) H","author":"Ross D. T.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ross , D. T. , Removing the Limitations of Natural Language (with Principles behind the RSA Language) Software Engineering, (ed) H . Freeman and P. M. Lewis II, New York . NY; Academic Press , 1980 . Ross, D. T., Removing the Limitations of Natural Language (with Principles behind the RSA Language) Software Engineering, (ed) H. Freeman and P. M. Lewis II, New York. NY; Academic Press, 1980."},{"volume-title":"Software Process Workshop","author":"Potts C.","key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"Potts , C. (ed) Software Process Workshop , to be published, 1984. Potts, C. (ed) Software Process Workshop, to be published, 1984."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"33","volume":"29","author":"Code Generators Ease Programming","year":"1981","unstructured":"Code Generators Ease Programming ; Electronic Design , 29 ( November 12, 1981 ) 33 . Code Generators Ease Programming; Electronic Design, 29 (November 12, 1981) 33.","journal-title":"Electronic Design"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"NJ; Prentice Hall","author":"Martin J.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Martin , J. , Application Development Without Programmers. Englewood Cliffs , NJ; Prentice Hall , Inc ., 1982 . Martin, J., Application Development Without Programmers. Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice Hall, Inc., 1982."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Software Technology in the 1990's","author":"Balzer R.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Balzer , R. , T. E. Cheatham , Jr. and C. Green , Software Technology in the 1990's ; Using a New Paradigm. Computer 16 ( November 1973 ) 1. Balzer, R., T. E. Cheatham, Jr. and C. Green, Software Technology in the 1990's; Using a New Paradigm. Computer 16 (November 1973) 1."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/69610.357982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"Boehm B. W. Op cit.  Boehm B. W. Op cit."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"6","volume-title":"A State of the Art Survey","author":"Zelkowitz M. V.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zelkowitz , M. V. , R. Yeh . R. G. Hamlet , J. D. Gannon , V. R. Basili ; The Software Industry : A State of the Art Survey ; University of Maryland TR-1290 , May 1983 , p 6 . Zelkowitz, M. V., R. Yeh. R. G. Hamlet, J. D. Gannon, V. R. Basili; The Software Industry: A State of the Art Survey; University of Maryland TR-1290, May 1983, p 6."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Ibid p 20.  Ibid p 20."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"NJ; Prentice Hall","author":"Weil U.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Weil , U. , Information Systems in the 80's. Englewood Cliffs , NJ; Prentice Hall , Inc ., 1982 , p 21 . Weil,U., Information Systems in the 80's. Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice Hall,Inc., 1982, p 21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"The Computer Establishment","author":"Cited K. D.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Cited in Fishman, K. D. , The Computer Establishment , New York , NY; McGraw-Hill , 1981 , p 27 . Cited in Fishman, K. D., The Computer Establishment, New York, NY; McGraw-Hill, 1981, p 27."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","first-page":"116","volume-title":"A Work Station for Information System Development","author":"Blum B. I.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Blum , B. I. , A Work Station for Information System Development ; COMPSAC 83, IEEE Press , 1983 pp 116 - 120 . Blum, B. I., A Work Station for Information System Development; COMPSAC 83, IEEE Press, 1983 pp 116-120."}],"container-title":["ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1012443.1012447","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1012443.1012447","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T16:31:42Z","timestamp":1750264302000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1012443.1012447"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1012443.1012447"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1012443.1012447","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-5948"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0163-5948"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1985-01-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}