{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T05:10:08Z","timestamp":1771045808741,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"77-78","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,1]],"date-time":"2003-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1062374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGACCESS Access. Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The hierarchical structure of a program can be quite complex. As such, many Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) provide graphical representations of program structure at different levels of abstraction. Such representations are not very accessible to non-sighted programmers, as screen readers are not able to portray the underlying hierarchical structure of the information. In this paper, we define a set of requirements for an accessible tree navigation strategy. An implementation of this strategy was developed as a plug-in to the Eclipse IDE and was tested by twelve student programmers. The evaluation of the tool shows the strategy to be an efficient and effective way for a non-sighted programmer to navigate hierarchical structures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1029014.1028654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,8]],"date-time":"2007-06-08T15:23:01Z","timestamp":1181316181000},"page":"133-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Nonvisual tool for navigating hierarchical structures"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Ann C.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Mary's University, Winona, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin S.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winona State University, Winona, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan M.","family":"Francioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winona State University, Winona, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asif","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winona State University, Winona, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohd","family":"Anwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota - Morris, Morris, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Fayezur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winona State University, Winona, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/355460.355543"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327051hci0401_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/292834.292839"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"CloudGarden's TalkingJava SDK with Java Speech API Implementation http:\/\/www.cloudgarden.com\/JSAPI\/index.html.  CloudGarden's TalkingJava SDK with Java Speech API Implementation http:\/\/www.cloudgarden.com\/JSAPI\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Computer Science Curriculum Accessibility Program http:\/\/cs.winona.edu\/CSCAP.  Computer Science Curriculum Accessibility Program http:\/\/cs.winona.edu\/CSCAP."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/572020.572038"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Eclipse Platform http:\/\/www.eclipse.org.  Eclipse Platform http:\/\/www.eclipse.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/563340.563372"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"JAWS for Windows Freedom Scientific http:\/\/www.freedomscientific.com\/.  JAWS for Windows Freedom Scientific http:\/\/www.freedomscientific.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/223904.223956"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Auditory Presentation of Graphical User Interfaces","author":"Mynatt E. D.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mynatt , E. D. , Auditory Presentation of Graphical User Interfaces , Addison-Wesley , Reading, MA ., 1994 . Mynatt, E. D., Auditory Presentation of Graphical User Interfaces, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA., 1994."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/238386.238405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/523970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Software Maintenance","author":"Robitaille S.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Robitaille , S. , Schauer , R. , & Keller , R. K. , \" Bridging Program Comprehension Tools by Design Navigation,\" presented at the International Conference on Software Maintenance , San Jose, CA , October 2000 . Robitaille, S., Schauer, R., & Keller, R. K., \"Bridging Program Comprehension Tools by Design Navigation,\" presented at the International Conference on Software Maintenance, San Jose, CA, October 2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"July","author":"Smith C.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Smith , Ann C. , \" Usability Study of Hyperbolic Browser Star Tree Viewer 1.1,\" report for DCIS 720 Course , Nova University , July 2003 . Available at http:\/\/csdept.smumn.edu\/asmith\/hyperbolicUStudy.pdf . Smith, Ann C., \"Usability Study of Hyperbolic Browser Star Tree Viewer 1.1,\" report for DCIS 720 Course, Nova University, July 2003. Available at http:\/\/csdept.smumn.edu\/asmith\/hyperbolicUStudy.pdf ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/354324.354356"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Information Visualization: ACM Press Addison-Wesley","author":"Spence R.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Spence , R. , Information Visualization: ACM Press Addison-Wesley , 2001 . Spence, R., Information Visualization: ACM Press Addison-Wesley, 2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/191028.191039"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Star-Tree 1.1 Inxight Corporation http:\/\/www.inxight.com.  Star-Tree 1.1 Inxight Corporation http:\/\/www.inxight.com."}],"container-title":["ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1029014.1028654","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1029014.1028654","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T16:24:35Z","timestamp":1750263875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1029014.1028654"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"77-78","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1029014.1028654"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1029014.1028654","relation":{"is-identical-to":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1145\/1028630.1028654","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1145\/1028630.1028654","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1558-2337","1558-1187"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-2337","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-1187","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2003-09-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}