{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:55:22Z","timestamp":1750308922542,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"79","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1982,1,1]],"date-time":"1982-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":378691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGART Bull."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BBN's project in Knowledge Representation for Natural Language Understanding is developing techniques for computer assistance to a decision maker who is collecting information about and making choices in a complex situation. In particular, we are designing a system for natural language control of an intelligent graphics display. This system is intended for use in situation assessment and information management. We believe that the decision maker needs an extremely flexible system, capable of manipulating large amounts of data and presenting it on a graphical display in a variety of ways until he feels satisfied that he has a grasp of his situation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1056663.1056672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,17]],"date-time":"2007-01-17T18:32:02Z","timestamp":1169058722000},"page":"30-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Research in knowledge representation for natural language understanding"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Madeleine","family":"Bates","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., Cambridge, MA"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Bobrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., Cambridge, MA"}]},{"given":"Brad","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., Cambridge, MA"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Israel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., Cambridge, MA"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Schmolze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., Cambridge, MA"}]},{"given":"Candy","family":"Sidner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., Cambridge, MA"}]},{"given":"W. A.","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., Cambridge, MA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1982,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Associative Networks - The Representation and Use of Knowledge in Computers","author":"Epistemological R. J.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Brachman, R. J. \"On the Epistemological Status of Semantic Networks,\" in (ed.) N. V. Findler , Associative Networks - The Representation and Use of Knowledge in Computers , New York : Academic Press , 1979 . Brachman, R. J. \"On the Epistemological Status of Semantic Networks,\" in (ed.) N. V. Findler, Associative Networks - The Representation and Use of Knowledge in Computers, New York: Academic Press, 1979."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Brodie","author":"Brachman R. J.","year":"1981","unstructured":"R. J. Brachman and D. Israel , \" Some Remarks on the Semantics of Representation Languages\" in Data Modelling in Artificial Intelligence, Databases and Programming Languages , Brodie , Mylopolous and Schmidt, (eds.), Springer Verlag , 1981 , in preparation. R. J. Brachman and D. Israel, \"Some Remarks on the Semantics of Representation Languages\" in Data Modelling in Artificial Intelligence, Databases and Programming Languages, Brodie, Mylopolous and Schmidt, (eds.), Springer Verlag, 1981, in preparation."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"4644","volume":"1981","author":"Cohen P.","year":"1981","unstructured":"P. Cohen , R. Perrault and J. Allen , \"Beyond Question Answering\" in Stategies for Natural Language Processing, W. Lehnart and M. Ringle (eds.), Lawrence Eribaum Assoc. , 1981 , also BBN report 4644 , May 1981 . P. Cohen, R. Perrault and J. Allen, \"Beyond Question Answering\" in Stategies for Natural Language Processing, W. Lehnart and M. Ringle (eds.), Lawrence Eribaum Assoc., 1981, also BBN report 4644, May 1981.","journal-title":"Lehnart and M. Ringle (eds.), Lawrence Eribaum Assoc."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"P. R. Cohen \"The need for identification as a planned action \" Proceedings of the International Joint Conference in Artificial Intelligence 1981.  P. R. Cohen \"The need for identification as a planned action \" Proceedings of the International Joint Conference in Artificial Intelligence 1981."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the First Annual National Conference on Artificial Intelligence","author":"Israel D.","year":"1980","unstructured":"D. Israel , \"What's Wrong with Non-Monotonic Logic.\" Proceedings of the First Annual National Conference on Artificial Intelligence , 1980 . D. Israel, \"What's Wrong with Non-Monotonic Logic.\" Proceedings of the First Annual National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 1980."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"D. Israel and R. J. Brachman \"Distinctions and Confusions: A Catalogue Raisonne\" in Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence pages 452--459.   D. Israel and R. J. Brachman \"Distinctions and Confusions: A Catalogue Raisonne\" in Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence pages 452--459."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"A., Sag, I., & Webber, B.","author":"Perrault C. R.","year":"1981","unstructured":"C. R. Perrault , & P. K. Cohen , \"It's for your own good : A note on inaccurate reference,\" Elements of Discourse Understanding, (eds.) Joshi , A., Sag, I., & Webber, B. , Cambridge University Press , 1981 . C. R. Perrault, & P. K. Cohen, \"It's for your own good: A note on inaccurate reference,\" Elements of Discourse Understanding, (eds.) Joshi, A., Sag, I., & Webber, B., Cambridge University Press, 1981."},{"volume-title":"Sixth West Coast Computer Fairc","year":"1981","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Schmolze, J., \"Guidelines for Choosing an Object-Oriented Programming Style in Lisp\", Proc. Sixth West Coast Computer Fairc , San Francisco , California , Apr. 3--5, 1981 . Schmolze, J., \"Guidelines for Choosing an Object-Oriented Programming Style in Lisp\", Proc. Sixth West Coast Computer Fairc, San Francisco, California, Apr. 3--5, 1981."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"C. Sidner \"Focusing and Discourse \" Discourse Processes forthcoming.  C. Sidner \"Focusing and Discourse \" Discourse Processes forthcoming."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"C. Sidner \"Focus for the Interpretation of Pronouns \" American Journal of Computational Linguistics forthcoming.   C. Sidner \"Focus for the Interpretation of Pronouns \" American Journal of Computational Linguistics forthcoming."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"203","volume-title":"Recognizing Intended Meaning and Speakers' Plans,\" Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","author":"Sidner C.","year":"1981","unstructured":"C. Sidner and D. Israel , \" Recognizing Intended Meaning and Speakers' Plans,\" Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence , Vancouver, B.C. August , 1981 , pages 203 -- 208 . C. Sidner and D. Israel, \"Recognizing Intended Meaning and Speakers' Plans,\" Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vancouver, B.C. August, 1981, pages 203--208."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA022584","volume-title":"Foundations for Semantic Networks,\" in D","author":"Woods W. A.","year":"1975","unstructured":"W. A. Woods , \"What's in a Link : Foundations for Semantic Networks,\" in D . Bobrow and A. Collins (eds.), Representation and Understanding: Studies in Cognitive Science . New York : Academic Press , 1975 . W. A. Woods, \"What's in a Link: Foundations for Semantic Networks,\" in D. Bobrow and A. Collins (eds.), Representation and Understanding: Studies in Cognitive Science. New York: Academic Press, 1975."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. A. Woods \"Semantics and Quantification in Natural Language Question Answering \" in Advances in Computers Vol.17. Academic Press New York 1978.  W. A. Woods \"Semantics and Quantification in Natural Language Question Answering \" in Advances in Computers Vol.17. Academic Press New York 1978.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2458(08)60390-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/980262.980268"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Inc., 1979","author":"Woods W. A.","year":"1967","unstructured":"W. A. Woods , \"Semantics for a Question Answering System.\" New York : Garland Publishing , Inc., 1979 (publication of 1967 Ph.D. thesis with an up-to-date preface). W. A. Woods, \"Semantics for a Question Answering System.\" New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1979 (publication of 1967 Ph.D. thesis with an up-to-date preface)."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume":"6","author":"Woods W. A.","year":"1980","unstructured":"W. A. Woods , \"Cascaded ATN Grammars .\" in American Journal of Computational Linguistics , Vol. 6 , No. 1 , January-March 1980 . W. A. Woods, \"Cascaded ATN Grammars.\" in American Journal of Computational Linguistics, Vol.6, No.1, January-March 1980.","journal-title":"American Journal of Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Theoretical Issues in Reading Comprehension","author":"Woods W. A.","year":"1980","unstructured":"W. A. Woods , \"Multiple Theory Formation in Speech and Reading,\" in R. Spiro , B. Brucc and W. Brewer (eds.) Theoretical Issues in Reading Comprehension . Hillsdale, N.J. : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates , 1980 . W. A. Woods, \"Multiple Theory Formation in Speech and Reading,\" in R. Spiro, B. Brucc and W. Brewer (eds.) Theoretical Issues in Reading Comprehension. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1980."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"300","volume-title":"Elements of Discourse Understanding","author":"Woods W. A.","year":"1981","unstructured":"W. A. Woods , \"Procedural Semantics as a Theory of Meaning,\" in A. Joshi , I. Sag , and B. Webber (eds.), Elements of Discourse Understanding . Cambridge University Press , 1981 , pp. 300 -- 334 . W. A. Woods, \"Procedural Semantics as a Theory of Meaning,\" in A. Joshi, I. Sag, and B. Webber (eds.), Elements of Discourse Understanding. Cambridge University Press, 1981, pp. 300--334."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"W. A. Woods \"Optimal Search Strategies for Speech Understanding Control \" Artificial Intelligence forthcoming.  W. A. Woods \"Optimal Search Strategies for Speech Understanding Control \" Artificial Intelligence forthcoming."}],"container-title":["ACM SIGART Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1056663.1056672","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1056663.1056672","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T21:36:39Z","timestamp":1750282599000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1056663.1056672"}},"subtitle":["Bolt, Beranek, and Newman"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1982,1]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"79","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1056663.1056672"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1056663.1056672","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-5719"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0163-5719"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1982,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1982-01-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}