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The theory underpinning the hypothesis is critically reviewed in practical programming contexts. A concrete means of testing attitudinal gender differences to black-boxed programming elements is reported and the results described and analyzed. A survey of 50 students, designed to test the hypothesis that women are more likely to reject the techniques and \u201cway of thinking\u201d of abstraction in programming, casts doubt on the idea that there is any significant difference between female and male attitudes to prepackaged routines. This paper distinguishes between programming and ways of learning to program --- between concrete learning strategies and the use of abstraction in programming --- and discusses pedagogical practice as well as curriculum content.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1060071.1060077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,3]],"date-time":"2005-08-03T08:30:55Z","timestamp":1123057855000},"page":"6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Gender and black boxes in the programming curriculum"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"McKenna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Java Elements: Principles of Programming in Java","author":"Bailey D.A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bailey , D.A. and Bailey, D.W . 2000 . 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