{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T04:17:29Z","timestamp":1759033049316},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Internet Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article presents a publishing system for efficiently creating dynamic Web content. Complex Web pages are constructed from simpler fragments. Fragments may recursively embed other fragments. Relationships between Web pages and fragments are represented by object dependence graphs. We present algorithms for efficiently detecting and updating Web pages affected after one or more fragments change. We also present algorithms for publishing sets of Web pages consistently; different algorithms are used depending upon the consistency requirements.Our publishing system provides an easy method for Web site designers to specify and modify inclusion relationships among Web pages and fragments. Users can update content on multiple Web pages by modifying a template. The system then automatically updates all Web pages affected by the change. Our system accommodates both content that must be proofread before publication and is typically from humans as well as content that has to be published immediately and is typically from automated feeds.We discuss some of our experiences with real deployments of our system as well as its performance. We also quantitatively present characteristics of fragments used at a major deployment of our publishing system including fragment sizes, update frequencies, and inclusion relationships.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1064340.1064343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,3]],"date-time":"2005-08-03T08:30:55Z","timestamp":1123057855000},"page":"359-389","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A fragment-based approach for efficiently creating dynamic web content"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jim","family":"Challenger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Dantzig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Iyengar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Witting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of VLDB '98","author":"Abiteboul S.","unstructured":"Abiteboul , S. , McHugh , J. , Rys , M. , Vassalos , V. , and Weiner , J . 1998. Incremental maintenance for materialized views over semistructured data . In Proceedings of VLDB '98 . Abiteboul, S., McHugh, J., Rys, M., Vassalos, V., and Weiner, J. 1998. Incremental maintenance for materialized views over semistructured data. In Proceedings of VLDB '98."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of VLDB '97","author":"Atzeni P.","unstructured":"Atzeni , P. , Mecca , G. , and Merialdo , P . 1997. To weave the web . In Proceedings of VLDB '97 . Atzeni, P., Mecca, G., and Merialdo, P. 1997. To weave the web. In Proceedings of VLDB '97."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM.","author":"Challenger J.","unstructured":"Challenger , J. , Iyengar , A. , Witting , K. , Ferstat , C. , and Reed , P . 2000. A publishing system for efficiently creating dynamic Web content . In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM. Challenger, J., Iyengar, A., Witting, K., Ferstat, C., and Reed, P. 2000. A publishing system for efficiently creating dynamic Web content. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Cormen T. Leiserson C. and Rivest R. 1990. Introduction to Algorithms. MIT Press Cambridge MA.   Cormen T. Leiserson C. and Rivest R. 1990. Introduction to Algorithms. MIT Press Cambridge MA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/564691.564703"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems.","author":"Douglis F.","unstructured":"Douglis , F. , Haro , A. , and Rabinovich , M . 1997. HPP: HTML Macro-Preprocessing to Support Dynamic Document Caching . In Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems. Douglis, F., Haro, A., and Rabinovich, M. 1997. HPP: HTML Macro-Preprocessing to Support Dynamic Document Caching. In Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD. 10","author":"Fernandez M.","unstructured":"Fernandez , M. , Florescu , D. , Kang , J. , Levy , A. , and Suciu , D . 1998. Catching the Boat with Strudel: Experiences with a Web-Site Management System . In Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD. 10 .1145\/276304.276341 Fernandez, M., Florescu, D., Kang, J., Levy, A., and Suciu, D. 1998. Catching the Boat with Strudel: Experiences with a Web-Site Management System. In Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD. 10.1145\/276304.276341"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/290593.290605"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems.","author":"Iyengar A.","unstructured":"Iyengar , A. and Challenger , J . 1997. Improving Web server performance by caching dynamic data . In Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems. Iyengar, A. and Challenger, J. 1997. Improving Web server performance by caching dynamic data. In Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the the 18th IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems.","author":"Iyengar A.","unstructured":"Iyengar , A. , Jin , S. , and Challenger , J . 2001. Efficient algorithms for persistent storage allocation . In Proceedings of the the 18th IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems. Iyengar, A., Jin, S., and Challenger, J. 2001. Efficient algorithms for persistent storage allocation. In Proceedings of the the 18th IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0164-1212(02)00141-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1019244621570"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"Macromedia. Macromedia Web content management products. http:\/\/www.macromedia.com\/.  Macromedia. Macromedia Web content management products. http:\/\/www.macromedia.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Microsoft. Microsoft's FrontPage and Visual Studio. http:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/.  Microsoft. Microsoft's FrontPage and Visual Studio. http:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Tech. Rep. WPI-CS-TR-01-03, Computer Science Department","author":"Mikhailov M.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mikhailov , M. and Wills , C . 2001 . Change and relationship-driven content caching, distribution and assembly. Tech. Rep. WPI-CS-TR-01-03, Computer Science Department , Worcester Polytechnic Institute . March. Mikhailov, M. and Wills, C. 2001. Change and relationship-driven content caching, distribution and assembly. Tech. Rep. WPI-CS-TR-01-03, Computer Science Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute. March."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Web Content Caching and Distribution.","author":"Mikhailov M.","unstructured":"Mikhailov , M. and Wills , C . 2002. Exploiting object relationships for deterministic web object management . In Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Web Content Caching and Distribution. Mikhailov, M. and Wills, C. 2002. Exploiting object relationships for deterministic web object management. In Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Web Content Caching and Distribution."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of SIGCOMM '97","author":"Mogul J.","unstructured":"Mogul , J. , Douglis , F. , Feldmann , A. , and Krishnamurthy , B . 1997. Potential benefits of delta encoding and data compression for HTTP . In Proceedings of SIGCOMM '97 . 10.1145\/263105.263162 Mogul, J., Douglis, F., Feldmann, A., and Krishnamurthy, B. 1997. Potential benefits of delta encoding and data compression for HTTP. In Proceedings of SIGCOMM '97. 10.1145\/263105.263162"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM","author":"Mohapatra P.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mohapatra , P. and Chen , H . 2001. A Framework for Managing QoS and Improving Performance of Dynamic Web Content . In Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM 2001 . Mohapatra, P. and Chen, H. 2001. A Framework for Managing QoS and Improving Performance of Dynamic Web Content. In Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM 2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"NetObjects. NetObjects Fusion. http:\/\/www.netobjects.com\/.  NetObjects. NetObjects Fusion. http:\/\/www.netobjects.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems.","author":"Rabinovich M.","unstructured":"Rabinovich , M. , Xiao , Z. , Douglis , F. , and Kalmanek , C. R . 2003. Moving Edge-Side Includes to the Real Edge---the Clients . In Proceedings of the 4th USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems. Rabinovich, M., Xiao, Z., Douglis, F., and Kalmanek, C. R. 2003. Moving Edge-Side Includes to the Real Edge---the Clients. In Proceedings of the 4th USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 13th International World Wide Web Conference. 10","author":"Ramaswamy L.","unstructured":"Ramaswamy , L. , Iyengar , A. , Liu , L. , and Douglis , F . 2004. Automatic Detection of Fragments in Dynamically Generated Web Pages . In Proceedings of the 13th International World Wide Web Conference. 10 .1145\/988672.988732 Ramaswamy, L., Iyengar, A., Liu, L., and Douglis, F. 2004. Automatic Detection of Fragments in Dynamically Generated Web Pages. In Proceedings of the 13th International World Wide Web Conference. 10.1145\/988672.988732"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Tsimelzon M. Weihl B. and Jacobs L. ESI Language Specification 1.0. http:\/\/www.esi.org\/language_spec_1-0.html.  Tsimelzon M. Weihl B. and Jacobs L. ESI Language Specification 1.0. http:\/\/www.esi.org\/language_spec_1-0.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"W3C. Document Object Model---W3C Recommendation. http:\/\/www.w3.org\/DOM.  W3C. Document Object Model---W3C Recommendation. http:\/\/www.w3.org\/DOM."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE ICDE '98","author":"Zhuge Y.","unstructured":"Zhuge , Y. and Garcia-Molina , H . 1998. Graph structured views and their incremental maintenance . In Proceedings of IEEE ICDE '98 . Zhuge, Y. and Garcia-Molina, H. 1998. Graph structured views and their incremental maintenance. In Proceedings of IEEE ICDE '98."}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Internet Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1064340.1064343","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T15:50:51Z","timestamp":1672242651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1064340.1064343"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1064340.1064343"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1064340.1064343","relation":{},"ISSN":["1533-5399","1557-6051"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1533-5399","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-6051","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2005-05-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}