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We show how a group of lights can be cheaply approximated while bounding the maximum approximation error. A binary light tree and perceptual metric are then used to adaptively partition the lights into groups to control the error vs. cost tradeoff.We also introduce reconstruction cuts that exploit spatial coherence to accelerate the generation of anti-aliased images with complex illumination. Results are demonstrated for five complex scenes and show that lightcuts can accurately approximate hundreds of thousands of point lights using only a few hundred shadow rays. Reconstruction cuts can reduce the number of shadow rays to tens.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1073204.1073318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,7]],"date-time":"2005-11-07T16:00:45Z","timestamp":1131379245000},"page":"1098-1107","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["Lightcuts"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Bruce","family":"Walter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Arbree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University"}]},{"given":"Kavita","family":"Bala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Donikian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University"}]},{"given":"Donald P.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Computer Graphics, Cornell University"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/882262.882314"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","series-title":"Handbook of Sensory Physiology","volume-title":"Visual Psychophysics","author":"Blackwell H. 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Thrifty final gather for radiosity. In Rendering Techniques 2001: 12th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, 1--12."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8659.t01-1-00705"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/226150.226151"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","unstructured":"Sillion F. X. and Puech C. 1994. Radiosity and Global Illumination. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc.   Sillion F. X. and Puech C. 1994. Radiosity and Global Illumination. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/192161.192277"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015706.1015748"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/258734.258775"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","unstructured":"Wald I. Kollig T. Benthin C. Keller A. and Slusallek P. 2002. Interactive global illumination using fast ray tracing. 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