{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T03:46:11Z","timestamp":1772163971108,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":44,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,12]],"date-time":"2005-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1129075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,12]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/1094811.1094851","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,7]],"date-time":"2005-11-07T12:34:39Z","timestamp":1131366879000},"page":"505-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Subtext"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Edwards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/359576.359579"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"The Lambda Calculus","author":"Barendregt H. P.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Barendregt , H. P. The Lambda Calculus . Elsevier , 1984 . Barendregt, H. P. The Lambda Calculus. Elsevier, 1984."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Test-Driven Development: By Example","author":"Beck K.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Beck , K. Test-Driven Development: By Example . Addison-Wesley 2002 . Beck, K. Test-Driven Development: By Example. Addison-Wesley 2002."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"A. First Steps in Programming: A Rationale for Attention Investment Models. In Proc. of the IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments (HCC'02)","author":"Blackwell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Blackwell , A. First Steps in Programming: A Rationale for Attention Investment Models. In Proc. of the IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments (HCC'02) (Arlington, VA, Sep. 2002 ) 2--10. Blackwell, A. First Steps in Programming: A Rationale for Attention Investment Models. In Proc. of the IEEE 2002 Symposia on Human Centric Computing Languages and Environments (HCC'02) (Arlington, VA, Sep. 2002) 2--10."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/968486.968487"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Manning","author":"Burnett M.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Burnett , M. , Goldberg , A. , Lewis , T. Visual Object-Oriented Programming: Concepts and Environments . Manning , Greenwich, CT , 1995 . Burnett, M., Goldberg, A., Lewis, T. Visual Object-Oriented Programming: Concepts and Environments. Manning, Greenwich, CT, 1995."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/602259.602300"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Watch What I Do: Programming by Demonstration","author":"Cypher A.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cypher , A. Watch What I Do: Programming by Demonstration . MIT Press , Cambridge, MA . 1993 Cypher, A. Watch What I Do: Programming by Demonstration. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. 1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Generative Programming: Methods, Tools, and Applications","author":"Czarnecki K.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Czarnecki , K. , Eisenecker , U. W. Intentional Programming . Chapter 11 in Generative Programming: Methods, Tools, and Applications . Addison-Wesley , 2000 . Czarnecki, K., Eisenecker, U. W. Intentional Programming. Chapter 11 in Generative Programming: Methods, Tools, and Applications. Addison-Wesley, 2000."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"M. Similarity Inheritance: A New Model of Inheritance for Spreadsheet VPLs. In 1998 IEEE Symp. Visual Languages","author":"Djang R.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Djang , R. , Burnett , M. Similarity Inheritance: A New Model of Inheritance for Spreadsheet VPLs. In 1998 IEEE Symp. Visual Languages ( Halifax, Canada , Sep. 1998 ) 134--141. Djang, R., Burnett, M. Similarity Inheritance: A New Model of Inheritance for Spreadsheet VPLs. In 1998 IEEE Symp. Visual Languages (Halifax, Canada, Sep. 1998) 134--141."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1028664.1028713"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code","author":"Fowler M.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fowler , M. , Beck , K. , Brant , J. , Opdyke , W. , and Roberts , D . Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code . Addison-Wesley , 1999 . Fowler, M., Beck, K., Brant, J., Opdyke, W., and Roberts, D. Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code. Addison-Wesley, 1999."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","first-page":"2","volume":"7","author":"Green T. R. G.","unstructured":"Green , T. R. G. , Petre , M. Usability Analysis of Visual Programming Environments: a 'cognitive dimensions' framework. Journal of Visual Languages and Computing 7 , 2 , 131--174. Green, T. R. G., Petre, M. Usability Analysis of Visual Programming Environments: a 'cognitive dimensions' framework. Journal of Visual Languages and Computing 7, 2, 131--174.","journal-title":"Journal of Visual Languages and Computing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/581478.581493"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/62083.62100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/944705.944721"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"V. A. Complete Visualization of Concurrent Programs and Their Executions. In Proceedings of the ICLP 1990 Workshop on Logic Programming Environments","author":"Kahn K. M.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kahn , K. M. , Saraswat , V. A. Complete Visualization of Concurrent Programs and Their Executions. In Proceedings of the ICLP 1990 Workshop on Logic Programming Environments , ( Eilat, Israel , June 1990 ). Kahn, K. M., Saraswat, V. A. Complete Visualization of Concurrent Programs and Their Executions. In Proceedings of the ICLP 1990 Workshop on Logic Programming Environments, (Eilat, Israel, June 1990)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Aspect-Oriented Programming. In Proc. of European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 1997)","author":"Kiczales G.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kiczales , G. , Lamping , J. , Mendhekar , A. , Maeda , C. , Videira Lopes , C. , Loingtier , J.-M. , and Irwin , J . Aspect-Oriented Programming. In Proc. of European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 1997) (Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland , 1997 ). Kiczales, G., Lamping, J., Mendhekar, A., Maeda, C., Videira Lopes, C., Loingtier, J.-M., and Irwin, J. Aspect-Oriented Programming. In Proc. of European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 1997) (Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland, 1997)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1018434.1021568"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","first-page":"2","volume":"10","author":"King","year":"1967","unstructured":"King , P. J. H. Decision Tables. Computer Journal 10 , 2 ( Aug. 1967 ) 135--142. King, P. J. H. Decision Tables. Computer Journal 10, 2 (Aug. 1967) 135--142.","journal-title":"Decision Tables. Computer Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Empirical Studies of Programmers: Second Workshop (Washington D.C. 1987)","author":"Lewis C.","unstructured":"Lewis , C. , Olson , G. M. Can Principles of Cognition Lower the Barriers to Programming? In Empirical Studies of Programmers: Second Workshop (Washington D.C. 1987) 248--263. Lewis, C., Olson, G. M. Can Principles of Cognition Lower the Barriers to Programming? In Empirical Studies of Programmers: Second Workshop (Washington D.C. 1987) 248--263."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/28697.28718"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"Lieberman H. Tinker: A Programming by Demonstration System for Beginning Programmers. In {8}.   Lieberman H. Tinker: A Programming by Demonstration System for Beginning Programmers. In {8}."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Morgan Kaufmann","author":"Lieberman H.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lieberman , H. (editor) Your Wish is my Command: Programming by Example . Morgan Kaufmann , San Fransisco, CA , 2001 . Lieberman, H.(editor) Your Wish is my Command: Programming by Example. Morgan Kaufmann, San Fransisco, CA, 2001."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1045-926X(05)80036-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/29933.30866"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Prototype-Based Programming: Concepts, Languages and Applications","author":"Noble J.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Noble , J. , Taivalsaari , A. , Moore , I. Prototype-Based Programming: Concepts, Languages and Applications . Springer-Verlag Telos , January , 1999 . Noble, J., Taivalsaari, A., Moore, I. Prototype-Based Programming: Concepts, Languages and Applications. Springer-Verlag Telos, January, 1999."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/361598.361623"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"The Design of Everyday Things","author":"Norman D. A.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Norman , D. A. The Design of Everyday Things . Basic Books , New York , 1988 . Norman, D. A. The Design of Everyday Things. Basic Books, New York, 1988."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/203241.203251"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"The Synthesizer Generator: A System for Constructing Language-based Editors","author":"Reps T.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Reps , T. , Teitelbaum , T. The Synthesizer Generator: A System for Constructing Language-based Editors . Springer-Verlag , New York , 1988 . Reps, T., Teitelbaum, T. The Synthesizer Generator: A System for Constructing Language-based Editors. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1988."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"A. Traits: Composable Units of Behavior. In Proc. of European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2003","author":"Sch\u00e4rli N.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4rli , N. , Ducasse , S. , Nierstrasz , O. , Black , A. Traits: Composable Units of Behavior. In Proc. of European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2003 ), ( July 2003 ), 248--274. Sch\u00e4rli, N., Ducasse, S., Nierstrasz, O., Black, A. Traits: Composable Units of Behavior. In Proc. of European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2003), (July 2003), 248--274."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","first-page":"8","volume":"16","author":"Shneiderman","year":"1983","unstructured":"Shneiderman , B. Direct Manipulation: A Step Beyond Programming Languages. IEEE Computer 16 , 8 ( August , 1983 ) 57--69. Shneiderman, B. Direct Manipulation: A Step Beyond Programming Languages. IEEE Computer 16, 8 (August, 1983) 57--69.","journal-title":"Direct Manipulation: A Step Beyond Programming Languages. IEEE Computer"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/217838.217843"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Structure-based Editors","author":"Szwillus G.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Szwillus , G. , Neal , L. (editors) Structure-based Editors and Environments. Academic Press , San Diego, CA, 1996 . Szwillus, G., Neal, L. (editors) Structure-based Editors and Environments. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1996."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Proc. of the 1990 IEEE Workshop on Visual Languages","author":"Tanimoto S.L.","unstructured":"Tanimoto , S.L. Towards a theory of progressive operators for live visual programming environments . In Proc. of the 1990 IEEE Workshop on Visual Languages ( Skokie, IL, USA), 80--85. Tanimoto, S.L. Towards a theory of progressive operators for live visual programming environments. In Proc. of the 1990 IEEE Workshop on Visual Languages (Skokie, IL, USA), 80--85."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VLHCC.2004.35"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/5280.5281"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/248448.248457"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/38765.38828"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"ECOOP '95 Conference Proceedings, LNCS 952","author":"Ungar D.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ungar , D. , Smith , R. B. Programming as an Experience: The Inspiration for Self . In ECOOP '95 Conference Proceedings, LNCS 952 . Springer Verlag , 1995 Ungar, D., Smith, R. B. Programming as an Experience: The Inspiration for Self. In ECOOP '95 Conference Proceedings, LNCS 952. Springer Verlag, 1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"the Dataflow Programming Language","author":"Wadge W. W.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Wadge , W. W. , Ashcroft , E. A. Lucid , the Dataflow Programming Language . Academic Press 1985 . Wadge, W. W., Ashcroft, E. A. Lucid, the Dataflow Programming Language. Academic Press 1985."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/143165.143169"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"(Steele, G. L.) Common Lisp the Language","author":"Waters R. C.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Waters , R. C. Series . In (Steele, G. L.) Common Lisp the Language . Digital Press 1984 Waters, R. C. Series. In (Steele, G. L.) Common Lisp the Language. Digital Press 1984"}],"event":{"name":"OOPSLA05: ACM SIGPLAN Object Oriented Programming Systems and Applications Conference","location":"San Diego CA USA","acronym":"OOPSLA05","sponsor":["SIGPLAN ACM Special Interest Group on Programming Languages","ACM Association for Computing Machinery"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1094811.1094851","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1094811.1094851","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T12:08:09Z","timestamp":1750248489000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1094811.1094851"}},"subtitle":["uncovering the simplicity of programming"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,12]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1094811.1094851","10.1145\/1094811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1094811.1094851","relation":{"is-identical-to":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1145\/1103845.1094851","asserted-by":"object"}]},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2005-10-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}