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These sample points are stored in a two-dimensional spatial data structure. Here we present a set of architectural enhancements to the classical Z-buffer acceleration hardware which supports efficient execution of the irregular Z-buffer. These enhancements enable efficient parallel construction and query of certain irregular data structures, including the grid of linked lists used by our algorithm. The enhancements include flexible atomic read-modify-write units located near the memory controller, an internal routing network between these units and the fragment processors, and a MIMD fragment processor design. We simulate the performance of this new architecture and demonstrate that it can be used to render high-quality shadows in geometrically complex scenes at interactive frame rates. We also discuss other uses of the irregular Z-buffer algorithm and the implications of our architectural changes in the design of chip-multiprocessors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1095878.1095889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,7]],"date-time":"2005-11-07T16:00:45Z","timestamp":1131379245000},"page":"1462-1482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["The irregular Z-buffer"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Gregory S.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juhyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William R.","family":"Mark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA-11 2005","author":"Ahn J. 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