{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T11:31:47Z","timestamp":1774611107014,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,10]],"date-time":"2006-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            We calculate an extensive set of characteristics for Internet AS topologies extracted from the three data sources most frequently used by the research community: traceroutes, BGP, and WHOIS. We discover that traceroute and BGP topologies are similar to one another but differ substantially from the WHOIS topology. Among the widely considered metrics, we find that the\n            <jats:italic>joint degree distribution<\/jats:italic>\n            appears to fundamentally characterize Internet AS topologies as well as narrowly define values for other important metrics. We discuss the interplay between the specifics of the three data collection mechanisms and the resulting topology views. In particular, we how how the data collection peculiarities explain differences in the resulting joint degree distributions of the respective topologies. Finally, we release to the community the input topology datasets, along with the scripts and output of our calculations. This supplement hould enable researchers to validate their models against real data and to make more informed election of topology data sources for their specific needs\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1111322.1111328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,6]],"date-time":"2006-02-06T18:14:10Z","timestamp":1139249650000},"page":"17-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":239,"title":["The internet AS-level topology"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Priya","family":"Mahadevan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSD"}]},{"given":"Dmitri","family":"Krioukov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAIDA"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Fomenkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAIDA"}]},{"given":"Xenofontas","family":"Dimitropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Tech"}]},{"given":"k c","family":"claffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAIDA"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Vahdat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSD"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/316188.316229"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"The origin of power law in Internet topologies revisited,\" in IEEE INFOCOM","author":"Chen Q.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Q. Chen , H. Chang , R. Govindan , S. Jamin , S.J. Shenker , and W. Willinger , \" The origin of power law in Internet topologies revisited,\" in IEEE INFOCOM 2002 . Q. Chen, H. Chang, R. Govindan, S. Jamin, S.J. Shenker, and W. Willinger, \"The origin of power law in Internet topologies revisited,\" in IEEE INFOCOM 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/633025.633040"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015467.1015470"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"On distinguishing between Internet power law topology generators,\" in IEEE INFOCOM","author":"Bu T.","year":"2002","unstructured":"T. Bu and D. Towsley , \" On distinguishing between Internet power law topology generators,\" in IEEE INFOCOM 2002 . T. Bu and D. 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Gkantsidis , M. Mihail , and E. Zegura , \" Spectral analysis of Internet topologies,\" in IEEE INFOCOM 2003 . C. Gkantsidis, M. Mihail, and E. Zegura, \"Spectral analysis of Internet topologies,\" in IEEE INFOCOM 2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Characterizing the Internet hierarchy from multiple vantage points,\" in IEEE INFOCOM","author":"Subramanian L.","year":"2002","unstructured":"L. Subramanian , S. Agarwal , J. Rexford , and R.H. Katz , \" Characterizing the Internet hierarchy from multiple vantage points,\" in IEEE INFOCOM 2002 . L. Subramanian, S. Agarwal, J. Rexford, and R.H. Katz, \"Characterizing the Internet hierarchy from multiple vantage points,\" in IEEE INFOCOM 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11427186_12"}],"container-title":["ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1111322.1111328","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1111322.1111328","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T16:08:39Z","timestamp":1750262919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1111322.1111328"}},"subtitle":["three data sources and one definitive metric"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,10]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1111322.1111328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1111322.1111328","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-4833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-4833","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-01-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}