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Our starvation-free fine-grained locking protocol combines adaptive callbacks with key-range locking and guarantees repeatable-read-level isolation (i.e., serializability) for transactions containing any number of record insertions, record deletions, and key-range scans. Partial and total rollbacks of client transactions are performed by the client. Each structure modification such as a page split or merge is defined as an atomic action that affects only two levels of the B-tree and is logged using a single redo-only log record, so that the modification never needs to be undone during transaction rollback or restart recovery. The steal-and-no-force buffering policy is applied by the server when flushing updated pages onto disk and by the clients when shipping updated data pages to the server, while pages involved in a structure modification are forced to the server when the modification is finished. The server performs the restart recovery from client and system failures using an ARIES\/CSA-based recovery protocol. Our algorithms avoid accessing stale data but allow a data page to be updated by one client transaction and read by many other client transactions simultaneously, and updates may migrate from a data page to another in structure modifications caused by other transactions while the updating transaction is still active.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1132863.1132866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,25]],"date-time":"2006-07-25T14:14:26Z","timestamp":1153836866000},"page":"82-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["B-tree concurrency control and recovery in page-server database systems"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Jaluta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University of Technology, HUT, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seppo","family":"Sippu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eljas","family":"Soisalon-Soininen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University of Technology, HUT, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/223784.223787"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st East-European Symposium on Advances in Databases and Information Systems (ADBIS'97)","author":"Basu J.","key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","unstructured":"Basu , J. , Keller , A. , and P\u00f6ss , M . 1997. Centralized versus distributed index schemes in OODBMS---a performance analysis . In Proceedings of the 1st East-European Symposium on Advances in Databases and Information Systems (ADBIS'97) . 162--169.]] Basu, J., Keller, A., and P\u00f6ss, M. 1997. Centralized versus distributed index schemes in OODBMS---a performance analysis. 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A study of three alternative workstation-server architectures for object-oriented database systems . In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases. 107--121 .]] DeWitt, D. J., Maier, D., Futtersack, P., and Velez, F. 1990. A study of three alternative workstation-server architectures for object-oriented database systems. In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases. 107--121.]]"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","unstructured":"Franklin M. J. and Carey M. J. 1994. Client-server caching revisited. In Distributed Object Management Papers from the 1992 International Workshop on Distributed Object Management. Morgan Kaufmann San Francisco CA 57--78.]]  Franklin M. J. and Carey M. J. 1994. Client-server caching revisited. In Distributed Object Management Papers from the 1992 International Workshop on Distributed Object Management. 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In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases. 641--654 .]] Franklin, M. J., Carey, M. J., and Livny, M. 1993. Local disk caching for client-server database systems. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases. 641--654.]]"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/261124.261125"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/233269.233328"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/130283.130312"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering. 352--361","author":"Gottemukkala V.","key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","unstructured":"Gottemukkala , V. , Omiecinski , E. , and Ramachandran , U . 1996. Relaxed index consistency for a client-server database . In Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering. 352--361 .]] Gottemukkala, V., Omiecinski, E., and Ramachandran, U. 1996. 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