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These wave phenomena are well understood, but have been largely ignored in computer graphics due to the high cost and complexity of computing them at audio rates.We describe a new algorithm for real-time synthesis of realistic sound radiation from rigid objects. We start by precomputing the linear vibration modes of an object, and then relate each mode to its sound pressure field, or acoustic transfer function, using standard methods from numerical acoustics. Each transfer function is then approximated to a specified accuracy using low-order multi-pole sources placed near the object. We provide a low-memory, multilevel, randomized algorithm for optimized source placement that is suitable for complex geometries. At runtime, we can simulate new interaction sounds by quickly summing contributions from each mode's equivalent multipole sources. We can efficiently simulate global effects such as interreflection and changes in sound due to listener location. The simulation costs can be dynamically traded-off for sound quality. We present several examples of sound generation from physically based animations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,25]],"date-time":"2006-07-25T14:14:26Z","timestamp":1153836866000},"page":"987-995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Precomputed acoustic transfer"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Doug L.","family":"James","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jernej","family":"Barbi\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh K.","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers Univ. and Univ. British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","unstructured":"Abramowitz M. and Stegun I. A. 1964. Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas Graphs and Mathematical Tables. Dover New York.   Abramowitz M. and Stegun I. A. 1964. Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas Graphs and Mathematical Tables. Dover New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1073204.1073300"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","volume-title":"Sound-by-Numbers: Motion-Driven Sound Synthesis. In 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH \/ Eurographics Symp. on Computer Animation, 349--356","author":"Cardle M.","unstructured":"Cardle , M. , Brooks , S. , Bar-Joseph , Z. , and Robinson , P . 2003 . Sound-by-Numbers: Motion-Driven Sound Synthesis. In 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH \/ Eurographics Symp. on Computer Animation, 349--356 . Cardle, M., Brooks, S., Bar-Joseph, Z., and Robinson, P. 2003. 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