{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T11:05:35Z","timestamp":1747134335658},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Internet Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Server providers that support e-commerce applications as a service for multiple e-commerce Web sites traditionally use a tiered server architecture. This architecture includes an application tier to process requests for dynamically generated content. How this tier is provisioned can significantly impact a provider's profit margin. In this article we study methods to provision servers in the application serving tier that increase a server provider's profits. First, we examine actual traces of request arrivals to the application tier of an e-commerce site, and show that the arrival process is effectively Poisson. Next, we construct an optimization problem in the context of a set of application servers modeled as\n            <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n            \/\n            <jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic>\n            \/1\/\n            <jats:italic>PS<\/jats:italic>\n            queueing systems, and derive three simple methods that approximate the allocation that maximizes profits. Simulation results demonstrate that our approximation methods achieve profits that are close to optimal, and are significantly higher than those achieved via simple heuristics.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1189740.1189747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,5]],"date-time":"2007-04-05T19:20:08Z","timestamp":1175800808000},"page":"7","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Provisioning servers in the application tier for e-commerce systems"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Villela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Pesquisas de Energia El\u00e9trica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Pradhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Rubenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/346000.346009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2004.826289"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"INFORMS Revenue Management Section Conference.","author":"de Farias D.","unstructured":"de Farias , D. , King , A. , and Squillante , M . 2002. Dynamic control of web server farms . In INFORMS Revenue Management Section Conference. de Farias, D., King, A., and Squillante, M. 2002. Dynamic control of web server farms. 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IBM Research Division.  Liu Z. Squillante M. and Wolf J. 2001b. Optimal control of resource allocation in e-business environments with strict quality-of-service performance guarantees. Tech. rep. IBM Research Division."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/977401.978097"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/352871.352878"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the WCW'99","author":"Nahum E.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nahum , E. 2002 . Deconstructing specweb99 . In Proceedings of the WCW'99 . Boulder, CO. Nahum, E. 2002. Deconstructing specweb99. In Proceedings of the WCW'99. Boulder, CO."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/248156.248158"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the INFOCOM'95","author":"Sairamesh J.","unstructured":"Sairamesh , J. , Ferguson , D. , and Yemini , Y . 1995. An approach to pricing, optimal allocation and quality of service . In Proceedings of the INFOCOM'95 , 1111--1119. Sairamesh, J., Ferguson, D., and Yemini, Y. 1995. An approach to pricing, optimal allocation and quality of service. In Proceedings of the INFOCOM'95, 1111--1119."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2003.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/544397.544413"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.1986.1146402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.817518"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3149.3156"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/55595.55624"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1064212.1064252"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Workshop on Quality of Service","author":"Villela D.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Villela , D. , Pradhan , P. , and Rubenstein , D . 2004. Provisioning servers at the applicatior tier for e-commerce systems . In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Quality of Service ( 2004 ). Montreal, Canada. Villela, D., Pradhan, P., and Rubenstein, D. 2004. Provisioning servers at the applicatior tier for e-commerce systems. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Quality of Service (2004). Montreal, Canada."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/502152.502155"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/90.234858"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"133","article-title":"A derivation of response time distribution for a M\/G\/1 processor sharing queue","volume":"12","author":"Yashkov S.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Yashkov , S. 1983 . A derivation of response time distribution for a M\/G\/1 processor sharing queue . Problems of Control and Information Theory 12 , 133 -- 148 . Yashkov, S. 1983. A derivation of response time distribution for a M\/G\/1 processor sharing queue. 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