{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T15:46:42Z","timestamp":1773330402413,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":17,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]],"date-time":"2007-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/1227310.1227388","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,5]],"date-time":"2007-04-05T15:41:00Z","timestamp":1175787660000},"page":"223-227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Scratch for budding computer scientists"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"David J.","family":"Malan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"Henry H.","family":"Leitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Apple Computer Inc. Squeak. www.squeak.org.  Apple Computer Inc. Squeak. www.squeak.org."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Karel++: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Object-Oriented Programming","author":"Bergin J.","year":"1996","unstructured":"J. Bergin , M. Stehlik , J. Roberts , and R. E. Pattis . Karel++: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Object-Oriented Programming . John Wiley and Sons, Inc. , 1996 . J. Bergin, M. Stehlik, J. Roberts, and R. E. Pattis. Karel++: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Object-Oriented Programming. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1996."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Karel J Robot: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Object-Oriented Programming in Java","author":"Bergin J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"J. Bergin , M. Stehlik , J. Roberts , and R. E. Pattis . Karel J Robot: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Object-Oriented Programming in Java . CafePress .com, 2006 . J. Bergin, M. Stehlik, J. Roberts, and R. E. Pattis. Karel J Robot: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Object-Oriented Programming in Java. CafePress.com, 2006."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Carnegie Mellon University. Alice v2.0. www.alice.org.  Carnegie Mellon University. Alice v2.0. www.alice.org."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"www.fas.harvard.edu\/~libe50a\/jkarel.html","author":"Wellenius H.","year":"2003","unstructured":"H. Wellenius . JKarel. www.fas.harvard.edu\/~libe50a\/jkarel.html , 2003 . H. Wellenius. JKarel. www.fas.harvard.edu\/~libe50a\/jkarel.html, 2003."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Lifelong Kindergarten MIT Media Lab. llk.media.mit.edu.  Lifelong Kindergarten MIT Media Lab. llk.media.mit.edu."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Lifelong Kindergarten MIT Media Lab. Crickets. llk.media.mit.edu\/projects.php?id=1942.  Lifelong Kindergarten MIT Media Lab. Crickets. llk.media.mit.edu\/projects.php?id=1942."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Lifelong Kindergarten MIT Media Lab. Scratch. weblogs.media.mit.edu\/llk\/scratch\/.  Lifelong Kindergarten MIT Media Lab. Scratch. weblogs.media.mit.edu\/llk\/scratch\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Logo Foundation. Logo. el.media.mit.edu\/logo-foundation\/.  Logo Foundation. Logo. el.media.mit.edu\/logo-foundation\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1009376.1009408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology. StarLogo. education.mit.edu\/starlogo\/.  Massachusetts Institute of Technology. StarLogo. education.mit.edu\/starlogo\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"MIT Media Laboratory. www.media.mit.edu.  MIT Media Laboratory. www.media.mit.edu."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Karel The Robot: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Programming","author":"Pattis R. E.","year":"1995","unstructured":"R. E. Pattis . Karel The Robot: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Programming . John Wiley and Sons, Inc. , 1995 . R. E. Pattis. Karel The Robot: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Programming. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1995."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1109540.1109556"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Sun Microsysts Inc. Java Foundation Classes (JFC\/Swing). java.sun.com\/products\/jfc\/.  Sun Microsysts Inc. Java Foundation Classes (JFC\/Swing). java.sun.com\/products\/jfc\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Sun Microsysts Inc. The AWT in 1.0 and 1.1. java.sun.com\/products\/jdk\/awt\/.  Sun Microsysts Inc. The AWT in 1.0 and 1.1. java.sun.com\/products\/jdk\/awt\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling","author":"Wilensky U.","unstructured":"U. Wilensky , Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling , Northwestern University . Logo. ccl.northwestern.edu\/netlogo\/. U. Wilensky, Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling, Northwestern University. Logo. ccl.northwestern.edu\/netlogo\/."}],"event":{"name":"SIGCSE07: The 38th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education","location":"Covington Kentucky USA","acronym":"SIGCSE07","sponsor":["ACM Association for Computing Machinery","SIGCSE ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Science Education"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 38th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1227310.1227388","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1227310.1227388","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T16:22:38Z","timestamp":1750263758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1227310.1227388"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1227310.1227388","10.1145\/1227310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1227310.1227388","relation":{"is-identical-to":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1145\/1227504.1227388","asserted-by":"object"}]},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-03-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}