{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:56:33Z","timestamp":1750308993598,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1172707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Storage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) system has been widely used in practical storage applications for better performance, cost effectiveness, and reliability. This study proposes a novel variant of RAID named Zoned-RAID (Z-RAID). Z-RAID improves the performance of traditional RAID by utilizing the zoning property of modern disks which provides multiple zones with different data transfer rates within a disk. Z-RAID levels 1, 5, and 6 are introduced to enhance the effective data transfer rate of RAID levels 1, 5, and 6, respectively, by constraining the placement of data blocks in multizone disks. We apply the Z-RAID to a practical and popular application, streaming media server, that requires a high-data transfer rate as well as a high reliability. The analytical and experimental results demonstrate the superiority of Z-RAID to conventional RAID. Z-RAID provides a higher effective data transfer rate in normal mode with no disadvantage. In the presence of a disk failure, Z-RAID still performs as well as RAID.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1227835.1227836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,5]],"date-time":"2007-04-05T19:20:08Z","timestamp":1175800808000},"page":"1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Zoned-RAID"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Seon Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Denver, Denver, CO"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2.97251"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/191839.191852"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/223784.223852"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMCS.1995.484930"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of Foundations of Data Organization and Algorithms Conference (FODO).","author":"Chen H.","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/176979.176981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"NSI Consortium. 1998. Tape Roadmap.  NSI Consortium. 1998. Tape Roadmap."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/192593.192614"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Dashti A. Kim S. H. Shahabi C. and Zimmermann R. 2003. Streaming Media Server Design. Prentice Hall.   Dashti A. Kim S. H. Shahabi C. and Zimmermann R. 2003. Streaming Media Server Design. Prentice Hall."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11408079_41"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Fogg C. 1995. DSS and MPEG technical notes. http:\/\/www.dbs-online.com\/d-mptech.htm.  Fogg C. 1995. DSS and MPEG technical notes. http:\/\/www.dbs-online.com\/d-mptech.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/71.850836"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2.384117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0190(95)00202-2"},{"volume":"2604","volume-title":"SPIE Proceedings High-Density Data Recording and Retrieval Technologies.","author":"Ghandeharizadeh S.","key":"e_1_2_1_15_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/319950.320049"},{"volume":"3020","volume-title":"SPIE Proceedings of Multimedia Computing and Networking.","author":"Ghandeharizadeh S.","key":"e_1_2_1_17_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/223587.223591"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghandeharizadeh S. Kim S. H. Shahabi C. and Zimmermann R. 1996. Placement of continuous media in multi-zone disks. In Multimedia Information Storage and Management S. M. Chung Ed. Kluwer Academic Publishers Boston MA.  Ghandeharizadeh S. Kim S. H. Shahabi C. and Zimmermann R. 1996. Placement of continuous media in multi-zone disks. In Multimedia Information Storage and Management S. M. Chung Ed. Kluwer Academic Publishers Boston MA.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-1431-8_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Ghandeharizadeh S. Stone J. and Zimmermann R. 1995. Techniques to quantify SCSI-2 disk subsystem specifications for multimedia. Tech. rep. USC-CS-TR95-610 University of Southern California.  Ghandeharizadeh S. Stone J. and Zimmermann R. 1995. Techniques to quantify SCSI-2 disk subsystem specifications for multimedia. Tech. rep. USC-CS-TR95-610 University of Southern California."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/271074.271094"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Database Engineering.","author":"Gray J.","key":"e_1_2_1_22_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"Grochowski E. 1999. IBM leadership in disk storage technology. IBM Almaden Research Center. http:\/\/www.storage.ibm.com\/technolo\/grochows.  Grochowski E. 1999. IBM leadership in disk storage technology. IBM Almaden Research Center. http:\/\/www.storage.ibm.com\/technolo\/grochows."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2003.814724"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME'01)","year":"2001","author":"Kim S. H.","key":"e_1_2_1_25_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/262391.262398"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2.675641"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.391753"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMCS.1996.535026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/50202.50214"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/69.234769"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/35.144778"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2.268888"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2.268881"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","first-page":"202","article-title":"Logical data tracks extending among a plurality of zones of physical tracks of one or more disk devices","author":"Heltzer J.M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"U.S. Patent"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/166266.168435"},{"volume":"3229","volume-title":"SPIE Proceedings of Multimedia Storage and Archiving Systems II.","author":"Wang Y. C.","key":"e_1_2_1_37_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/183018.183045"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01213198"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video.","author":"Yu P. S.","key":"e_1_2_1_40_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","unstructured":"Zipf G. K. 1949. Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort. Addison-Wesley Reading MA.  Zipf G. K. 1949. Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort. Addison-Wesley Reading MA."}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Storage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1227835.1227836","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1227835.1227836","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T21:41:21Z","timestamp":1750282881000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1227835.1227836"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1227835.1227836"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1227835.1227836","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-3077","1553-3093"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1553-3077"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1553-3093"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}