{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:56:07Z","timestamp":1790297767265,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Commun. ACM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Leadership is the defining characteristic in an unforgiving technology arena.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1230819.1241667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,6]],"date-time":"2007-06-06T14:37:11Z","timestamp":1181140631000},"page":"75-81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The software architect"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"McBride","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA) (San Jose, CA, Oct. 6--10","author":"Alexander C.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Alexander , C. The Origins of Pattern Theory, the Future of the Theory, and the Generation of a Living World. Speech at the 1996 ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programs , Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA) (San Jose, CA, Oct. 6--10 , 1996 ). Alexander, C. The Origins of Pattern Theory, the Future of the Theory, and the Generation of a Living World. Speech at the 1996 ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programs, Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA) (San Jose, CA, Oct. 6--10, 1996)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Buildings, Construction","author":"Alexander C.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Alexander , C. , Ishikawa , S. , and Silverstein , M . A Pattern Language: Towns , Buildings, Construction . Oxford University Press, Inc. , 1978 . Alexander, C., Ishikawa, S., and Silverstein, M. A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction. Oxford University Press, Inc., 1978."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Anniversary Edition","author":"Brooks F.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Brooks , F. The Mythical Man-Month , Anniversary Edition . Addison-Wesley , Boston , 1995 . Brooks, F. The Mythical Man-Month, Anniversary Edition. Addison-Wesley, Boston, 1995."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"The Art of War","author":"Clavell J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Clavell , J. , Ed. The Art of War . Delacorte Press , New York , 1983 . Clavell, J., Ed. The Art of War. Delacorte Press, New York, 1983."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture","author":"Fowler M.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fowler , M. Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture . Addison-Wesley , Boston , 2002 . Fowler, M. Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture. Addison-Wesley, Boston, 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Is Design Dead? Online article","author":"Fowler M.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fowler , M. Is Design Dead? Online article , 2001 ; www.martinfowler.com\/articles\/designDead.html. Fowler, M. Is Design Dead? Online article, 2001; www.martinfowler.com\/articles\/designDead.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software","author":"Gamma E.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gamma , E. , Helm , R. , Johnson , R. , and Vlissides , J . Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software . Addison-Wesley , Reading, MA , 1995 . Gamma, E., Helm, R., Johnson, R., and Vlissides, J. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1995."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/581571.581584"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"The Leadership Secrets of Colin Powell","author":"Harari O.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Harari , O. The Leadership Secrets of Colin Powell . McGraw-Hill , New York , 2002 . Harari, O. The Leadership Secrets of Colin Powell. McGraw-Hill, New York, 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"IEEE","author":"IEEE.","year":"1990","unstructured":"IEEE. IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology (IEEE Std. 610.12-1990) . IEEE , New York , 1990 . IEEE. IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology (IEEE Std. 610.12-1990). IEEE, New York, 1990."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"OMG","author":"Object Management Group","year":"2003","unstructured":"Object Management Group . OMG Unified Modeling Language Specification . OMG , Needham, MA , 2003 . Object Management Group. OMG Unified Modeling Language Specification. OMG, Needham, MA, 2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"2","volume":"7","author":"Reifer D.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Reifer , D. Industry software cost, quality, and productivity benchmarks. Crosstalk : The Journal of Defense Software Engineering 7 , 2 ( June 2004 ). Reifer, D. Industry software cost, quality, and productivity benchmarks. Crosstalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering 7, 2 (June 2004).","journal-title":"The Journal of Defense Software Engineering"}],"container-title":["Communications of the ACM"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1230819.1241667","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1230819.1241667","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T14:47:28Z","timestamp":1750258048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1230819.1241667"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1230819.1241667"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1230819.1241667","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-0782","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7317","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-05-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}