{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:38:37Z","timestamp":1750307917044,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGSOFT Softw. Eng. Notes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Modified Condition\/Decision Coverage (MCDC) is a structural testing strategy required to verify Level A software used in commercial aviation. In DO-178B, Level A software is defined as software whose anomalous behavior would cause or contribute to a failure of system function resulting in a catastrophic failure condition for the aircraft. Paradoxically, this technique does not detect common errors, yet it consumes a large portion (approximately 25%) of the verification budget because of the number of test cases required to satisfy this coverage. Furthermore, this approach is directly applicable to only high-level languages, making its applicability of limited value to assembly language programs and machine-level code which could have been generated by auto code tools. A simpler approach is suggested in this paper that would better detect these common errors and would be more cost-effective for all applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1241572.1241581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,6]],"date-time":"2007-06-06T14:37:16Z","timestamp":1181140636000},"page":"1-4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The MCDC paradox"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"P. V.","family":"Bhansali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"RTCA Document No. DO-178B \"Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification \" December 1 1992.  RTCA Document No. DO-178B \"Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification \" December 1 1992."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chilenski J.J. and Miller S.P. \"Applicability of modified condition\/decision coverage to software testing \" IEE Software Engineering Journal September 1994.  Chilenski J.J. and Miller S.P. \"Applicability of modified condition\/decision coverage to software testing \" IEE Software Engineering Journal September 1994.","DOI":"10.1049\/sej.1994.0025"},{"volume-title":"Philadelphia","year":"2000","author":"Dupuy A.","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"RTCA Document No. DO-248B \"Final Report for Clarification of DO-178B \"Octber 12 2001.  RTCA Document No. DO-248B \"Final Report for Clarification of DO-178B \"Octber 12 2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1095430.1095440"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/882240.882252"}],"container-title":["ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1241572.1241581","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1241572.1241581","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T14:51:26Z","timestamp":1750258286000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1241572.1241581"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1241572.1241581"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1241572.1241581","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-5948"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0163-5948"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-05-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}