{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T12:00:59Z","timestamp":1759147259542,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1172707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGARCH Comput. Archit. News"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Dynamic translation is a general purpose tool used for instrumenting programs at run time. Many current translators perform substantial rewriting during translation in an attempt to reduce execution time. When dynamic translation is used as a ubiquitous policy enforcement mechanism, the majority of program executions have no dominating inner loop that can be used to amortize the cost of translation. Even under more favorable usage assumptions, our measurements show that such optimizations offer no significant benefit in most cases. A simpler, more maintainable, adaptable, and smaller translator may be preferable to more complicated designs.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>In this paper, we present HDTrans, a light-weight IA-32 to IA-32 binary translation system that uses some simple and effective translation techniques in combination with established trace linearization and code caching optimizations. We also present an evaluation of translation overhead under non-ideal conditions, showing that conventional benchmarks do not provide a good prediction of translation overhead when used pervasively.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>A further contribution of this paper is an analysis of the effectiveness of post-compile static pre-translation techniques for overhead reduction. Our results indicate that static pre-translation is effective only when expensive instrumentation or optimization is performed, and that efficient reload of pre-translated code incurs a substantial execution-time penalty.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1241601.1241602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,6]],"date-time":"2007-06-06T14:37:16Z","timestamp":1181140636000},"page":"135-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["HDTrans"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Swaroop","family":"Sridhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan S.","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prashanth P.","family":"Bungale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","DOI":"10.1145\/349299.349303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"265","volume-title":"An Infrastructure for Adaptive Dynamic Optimizations. In Proc. International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization","author":"Bruening D.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bruening , D. , Garnett , T. , and Amarasinghe , S . An Infrastructure for Adaptive Dynamic Optimizations. In Proc. International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization ( 2003 ), pp. 265 -- 275 . Bruening, D., Garnett, T., and Amarasinghe, S. An Infrastructure for Adaptive Dynamic Optimizations. In Proc. International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization (2003), pp. 265--275."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Mojo: A Dynamic Optimization System. In ACM Workshop on Feedback-directed and Dynamic Optimization (FDDO-3) (Dec","author":"Chen W. K.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chen , W. K. , Lerner , S. , Chaiken , R. , and Gillies , D. M . Mojo: A Dynamic Optimization System. In ACM Workshop on Feedback-directed and Dynamic Optimization (FDDO-3) (Dec 2000 ). Chen, W. K., Lerner, S., Chaiken, R., and Gillies, D. M. Mojo: A Dynamic Optimization System. In ACM Workshop on Feedback-directed and Dynamic Optimization (FDDO-3) (Dec 2000)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Technical report 2002--106, Sun Microsystems Laboratories (January","author":"Cifuentes C.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cifuentes , C. , Lewis , B. , and Ung , D . Walkabout--A Retargetable Dynamic Binary Translation Framework . In Technical report 2002--106, Sun Microsystems Laboratories (January 2002 ). Cifuentes, C., Lewis, B., and Ung, D. Walkabout--A Retargetable Dynamic Binary Translation Framework. In Technical report 2002--106, Sun Microsystems Laboratories (January 2002)."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","DOI":"10.1145\/183018.183032"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"397","volume":"6","author":"Devine S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Devine , S. , Bugnion , E. , and Rosenblum , M. Virtualization system including a virtual machine monitor for a computer with a segmented architecture. In United States Patent 6 , 397 ,242 ( May 2002 ). Devine, S., Bugnion, E., and Rosenblum, M. Virtualization system including a virtual machine monitor for a computer with a segmented architecture. In United States Patent 6, 397,242 (May 2002).","journal-title":"United States Patent"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","DOI":"10.5555\/647253.720293"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of USENIX Security 2004 (August","author":"Kruegel C.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kruegel , C. , Robertson , W. , Valeur , F. , and Vigna , G . Static Disassembly of Obfuscated Binaries . In Proceedings of USENIX Security 2004 (August 2004 ). Kruegel, C., Robertson, W., Valeur, F., and Vigna, G. Static Disassembly of Obfuscated Binaries. In Proceedings of USENIX Security 2004 (August 2004)."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","DOI":"10.1145\/1065010.1065034"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Overhead Reduction Techniques for Software Dynamic Translation. In NSF Workshop on Next Generation Software, during the Int'l. Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (April","author":"Scott K.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Scott , K. , Kumar , N. , Childers , B. , Davidson , J. , and Soffa , M . Overhead Reduction Techniques for Software Dynamic Translation. In NSF Workshop on Next Generation Software, during the Int'l. Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (April 2004 ). Scott, K., Kumar, N., Childers, B., Davidson, J., and Soffa, M. Overhead Reduction Techniques for Software Dynamic Translation. In NSF Workshop on Next Generation Software, during the Int'l. Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (April 2004)."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","DOI":"10.5555\/776261.776265"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Performance Evaluation Corporation. SPEC CPU2000 Benchmark Suite, 2000","author":"Standard","year":"2000","unstructured":"Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation. SPEC CPU2000 Benchmark Suite, 2000 . http:\/\/www.spec.org\/osg\/cpu 2000 . Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation. SPEC CPU2000 Benchmark Suite, 2000. http:\/\/www.spec.org\/osg\/cpu2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Using DynamoRIO -- What Does and Doesn't Work","author":"The Dynamo RIO","year":"2005","unstructured":"The Dynamo RIO Collaboration . Using DynamoRIO -- What Does and Doesn't Work , 2005 . http:\/\/www.cag.lcs.mit.edu\/dynamorio\/using.html\/#Unsupported. The DynamoRIO Collaboration. Using DynamoRIO -- What Does and Doesn't Work, 2005. http:\/\/www.cag.lcs.mit.edu\/dynamorio\/using.html\/#Unsupported."}],"container-title":["ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1241601.1241602","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1241601.1241602","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T14:51:26Z","timestamp":1750258286000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1241601.1241602"}},"subtitle":["a low-overhead dynamic translator"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1241601.1241602"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1241601.1241602","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-5964"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0163-5964"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}