{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T09:27:05Z","timestamp":1770974825917,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,1]],"date-time":"2007-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1185926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Internet Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Advances in distributed service-oriented computing and Internet technology have formed a strong technology push for outsourcing and information sharing. There is an increasing need for organizations to share their data across organization boundaries both within the country and with countries that may have lesser privacy and security standards. Ideally, we wish to share certain statistical data and extract the knowledge from the private databases without revealing any additional information of each individual database apart from the aggregate result that is permitted. In this article, we describe two scenarios for outsourcing data aggregation services and present a set of decentralized peer-to-peer protocols for supporting data sharing across multiple private databases while minimizing the data disclosure among individual parties. Our basic protocols include a set of novel probabilistic computation mechanisms for important primitive data aggregation operations across multiple private databases such as max, min, and top\n            <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n            selection. We provide an analytical study of our basic protocols in terms of precision, efficiency, and privacy characteristics. Our advanced protocols implement an efficient algorithm for performing\n            <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n            NN classification across multiple private databases. We provide a set of experiments to evaluate the proposed protocols in terms of their correctness, efficiency, and privacy characteristics.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1275505.1275510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,14]],"date-time":"2007-09-14T13:44:55Z","timestamp":1189777495000},"page":"17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Preserving data privacy in outsourcing data aggregation services"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subramanyam","family":"Chitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research (CIDR).","author":"Aggarwal G.","unstructured":"Aggarwal , G. , Bawa , M. , Ganesan , P. , Garcia-Molina , H. , Kenthapadi , K. , Motwani , R. , Srivastava , U. , Thomas , D. , and Xu , Y . 2005. Two can keep a secret: A distributed architecture for secure database services . Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research (CIDR). Aggarwal, G., Bawa, M., Ganesan, P., Garcia-Molina, H., Kenthapadi, K., Motwani, R., Srivastava, U., Thomas, D., and Xu, Y. 2005. Two can keep a secret: A distributed architecture for secure database services. Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research (CIDR)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"IACR Conference on Eurocryption.","author":"Aggarwal G.","unstructured":"Aggarwal , G. , Mishra , N. , and Pinkas , B . 2004. Secure computation of the kth ranked element . IACR Conference on Eurocryption. Aggarwal, G., Mishra, N., and Pinkas, B. 2004. Secure computation of the kth ranked element. IACR Conference on Eurocryption."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/375551.375602"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE.2005.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/872757.872771"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB).","author":"Agrawal R.","unstructured":"Agrawal , R. , Kieman , J. , Srikant , R. , and Xu , Y . 2002. Hippocratic databases . International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB). Agrawal, R., Kieman, J., Srikant, R., and Xu, Y. 2002. Hippocratic databases. International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1007568.1007632"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"29th International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB).","author":"Bawa M.","unstructured":"Bawa , M. , Bayardo , R. J. , and Agrawal , R . 2003. Privacy-preserving indexing of documents on the network . 29th International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB). Bawa, M., Bayardo, R. J., and Agrawal, R. 2003. Privacy-preserving indexing of documents on the network. 29th International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE.2005.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"IEEE Conference on Privacy and Security.","author":"Blaze M.","unstructured":"Blaze , M. , Feigenbaum , J. , and Lacy , J . 1996. Decentralized trust management . IEEE Conference on Privacy and Security. Blaze, M., Feigenbaum, J., and Lacy, J. 1996. Decentralized trust management. IEEE Conference on Privacy and Security."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"13th European Conference on Machine Learning and 6th European Conference on Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases.","author":"Clifton C.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Clifton , C. 2002 . Tutorial on privacy, security, and data mining . 13th European Conference on Machine Learning and 6th European Conference on Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Clifton, C. 2002. Tutorial on privacy, security, and data mining. 13th European Conference on Machine Learning and 6th European Conference on Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/772862.772867"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/361179.361202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Doan A. and Halevy A. 2005. Semantic integration research in the database community: A brief survey. AI Magazine (Special Issue on Semantic Integration).   Doan A. and Halevy A. 2005. Semantic integration research in the database community: A brief survey. AI Magazine (Special Issue on Semantic Integration)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Eds","author":"Elmagarmid A.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Elmagarmid , A. , Rusinkiewicz , M. , and Sheth , A. , Eds . 1999 . Management of Heterogeneous and Autonomous Database Systems 1st Ed. Morgan Kaufmann . Elmagarmid, A., Rusinkiewicz, M., and Sheth, A., Eds. 1999. Management of Heterogeneous and Autonomous Database Systems 1st Ed. Morgan Kaufmann."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Garcia-Molina H. Ullman J. D. and Widom J. D. 2001. Information Integration Chapter 20. Prentice Hall.  Garcia-Molina H. Ullman J. D. and Widom J. D. 2001. Information Integration Chapter 20. Prentice Hall."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Goldreich O. 2001. Secure multi-party computation. Working Draft version 1.3.  Goldreich O. 2001. Secure multi-party computation. 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