{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T15:48:38Z","timestamp":1781797718601,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,2]],"date-time":"2007-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Comput. Surv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ontologies, as sets of concepts and their interrelations in a specific domain, have proven to be a useful tool in the areas of digital libraries, the semantic web, and personalized information management. As a result, there is a growing need for effective ontology visualization for design, management and browsing. There exist several ontology visualization methods and also a number of techniques used in other contexts that could be adapted for ontology representation. The purpose of this article is to present these techniques and categorize their characteristics and features in order to assist method selection and promote future research in the area of ontology visualization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1287620.1287621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,15]],"date-time":"2007-11-15T14:26:02Z","timestamp":1195136762000},"page":"10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":267,"title":["Ontology visualization methods\u2014a survey"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Akrivi","family":"Katifori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantin","family":"Halatsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Lepouras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Peloponnese, Tripolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Costas","family":"Vassilakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Peloponnese, Tripolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenia","family":"Giannopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Peloponnese, Tripolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"3D Hyperbolic tree. http:\/\/graphics.stanford.edu\/~munzner\/h3\/  3D Hyperbolic tree. http:\/\/graphics.stanford.edu\/~munzner\/h3\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Knowledge Capture (K-Cap'03)","author":"Alani H.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Alani , H. 2003 . TGVizTab: An ontology visualization extension for Prot\u00e9g\u00e9 . In Proceedings of Knowledge Capture (K-Cap'03) , Workshop on Visualization Information in Knowledge Engineering, Sanibel Island, Florida. Alani, H. 2003. TGVizTab: An ontology visualization extension for Prot\u00e9g\u00e9. In Proceedings of Knowledge Capture (K-Cap'03), Workshop on Visualization Information in Knowledge Engineering, Sanibel Island, Florida."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries. 234--253","author":"Amann B.","unstructured":"Amann , B. and Fundulaki , I . 1999. Integrating ontologies and thesauri to build RDF schemas . In Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries. 234--253 . Amann, B. and Fundulaki, I. 1999. Integrating ontologies and thesauri to build RDF schemas. In Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries. 234--253."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Information Visualization Symposium, Carolina. 9--12","author":"Andrews K.","unstructured":"Andrews , K. , and Heidegger , H . 1998. Information slices: Visualizing and exploring large hierarchies using cascading, semicircular discs . In Proceedings of the IEEE Information Visualization Symposium, Carolina. 9--12 . Andrews, K., and Heidegger, H. 1998. Information slices: Visualizing and exploring large hierarchies using cascading, semicircular discs. In Proceedings of the IEEE Information Visualization Symposium, Carolina. 9--12."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IV.2002.1028871"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Visualization '97","author":"Andrews K.","unstructured":"Andrews , K. , Wolte , J. , and Pichler , M . 1997. Information Pyramids#8482;: A new approach to visualizing large hierarchies . In Proceedings of the IEEE Visualization '97 , Phoenix, Arizona, 49--52. Andrews, K., Wolte, J., and Pichler, M. 1997. Information Pyramids#8482;: A new approach to visualizing large hierarchies. In Proceedings of the IEEE Visualization '97, Phoenix, Arizona, 49--52."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Using treemaps to visualize gene ontologies","author":"Babaria K.","unstructured":"Babaria , K. 2004. Using treemaps to visualize gene ontologies . Human Computer Interaction Lab and Institute for Systems Research. University of Maryland, College Park , MD. Available at www.cs.umd.edu\/hcil\/treemap\/GeneOntologyTreemap.pdf. Babaria, K. 2004. Using treemaps to visualize gene ontologies. Human Computer Interaction Lab and Institute for Systems Research. University of Maryland, College Park, MD. Available at www.cs.umd.edu\/hcil\/treemap\/GeneOntologyTreemap.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baehrecke E. H. Dang N. Babaria K. and Shneiderman B. 2004. Visualization and analysis of microarray and gene ontology data with treemaps. BMC Bioinformatics. Available at http:\/\/www.biomedcentral.com\/1471-2105\/5\/84.  Baehrecke E. H. Dang N. Babaria K. and Shneiderman B. 2004. Visualization and analysis of microarray and gene ontology data with treemaps. BMC Bioinformatics. Available at http:\/\/www.biomedcentral.com\/1471-2105\/5\/84.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-5-84"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"BEAMTREES. http:\/\/www.win.tue.nl\/~fvham\/beamtrees\/.  BEAMTREES. http:\/\/www.win.tue.nl\/~fvham\/beamtrees\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of SWAP, the 2nd Italian Semantic Web Workshop","author":"Bosca A.","unstructured":"Bosca , A. , Bomino , D. , and Pellegrino , P . 2005. OntoSphere: more than a 3D ontology visualization tool . In Proceedings of SWAP, the 2nd Italian Semantic Web Workshop , Trento, Italy, December 14--16, CEUR. Workshop Proceedings, ISSN 1613-0073, online http:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-166\/70.pdf. Bosca, A., Bomino, D., and Pellegrino, P. 2005. OntoSphere: more than a 3D ontology visualization tool. In Proceedings of SWAP, the 2nd Italian Semantic Web Workshop, Trento, Italy, December 14--16, CEUR. Workshop Proceedings, ISSN 1613-0073, online http:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-166\/70.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the joint Eurographics and IEEE TCVG Symposium on Visualization. Springer","author":"Bruls M.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bruls , M. , Huizing , K. , and van Wijk , J. J. 2000 . Squarified treemaps, data visualization . In Proceedings of the joint Eurographics and IEEE TCVG Symposium on Visualization. Springer , Vienna, 33--42. Bruls, M., Huizing, K., and van Wijk, J. J. 2000. Squarified treemaps, data visualization. In Proceedings of the joint Eurographics and IEEE TCVG Symposium on Visualization. Springer, Vienna, 33--42."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of InfoViz'95","author":"Carriere J.","unstructured":"Carriere , J. and Kazman , R . 1995. Interacting with huge hierarchies: Beyond cone trees . In Proceedings of InfoViz'95 , IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, Atlanta, Georgia, 30--31. IEEE Computer Society Press, 74--78. Available at http:\/\/citeseer.ist.psu.edu\/ere95interacting.html. Carriere, J. and Kazman, R. 1995. Interacting with huge hierarchies: Beyond cone trees. In Proceedings of InfoViz'95, IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, Atlanta, Georgia, 30--31. IEEE Computer Society Press, 74--78. Available at http:\/\/citeseer.ist.psu.edu\/ere95interacting.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2000 British Computer Society Conference on Human Computer Interaction","author":"Cockburn A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cockburn , A. , and McKenzie , D. 2000 . An evaluation of cone trees, In People and Computers XV , Proceedings of the 2000 British Computer Society Conference on Human Computer Interaction . University of Sunderland. Springer-Verlag, http:\/\/citeseer.ist.psu.edu\/cockburn00evaluation.html. Cockburn, A., and McKenzie, D. 2000. An evaluation of cone trees, In People and Computers XV, Proceedings of the 2000 British Computer Society Conference on Human Computer Interaction. University of Sunderland. Springer-Verlag, http:\/\/citeseer.ist.psu.edu\/cockburn00evaluation.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/503376.503413"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"CROPCIRCLES. http:\/\/www.mindswap.org\/2005\/cropcircles.  CROPCIRCLES. http:\/\/www.mindswap.org\/2005\/cropcircles."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th Australasian Document Computing Symposium","author":"Eklund P.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eklund , P. 2002 . Visual displays for browsing RDF documents . In Proceedings of the 7th Australasian Document Computing Symposium , Sydney, Australia. Eklund, P. 2002. Visual displays for browsing RDF documents. In Proceedings of the 7th Australasian Document Computing Symposium, Sydney, Australia."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the First International Symposium on CyberWorlds (CW2002)","author":"Eklund P. W.","unstructured":"Eklund , P. W. , Roberts , N. , and Green , S.P . 2002. OntoRama: Browsing an RDF ontology using a hyperbolic-like browser , In Proceedings of the First International Symposium on CyberWorlds (CW2002) . Theory and Practices, IEEE press, 405--411. Eklund, P. W., Roberts, N., and Green, S.P. 2002. OntoRama: Browsing an RDF ontology using a hyperbolic-like browser, In Proceedings of the First International Symposium on CyberWorlds (CW2002). Theory and Practices, IEEE press, 405--411."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"-A","author":"Ernst N. A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ernst , N. A. and Storey , M . -A . 2003 . A Preliminary Analysis of Visualization Requirements in Knowledge Engineering Tools. University of Victoria . Ernst, N. A. and Storey, M.-A. 2003. A Preliminary Analysis of Visualization Requirements in Knowledge Engineering Tools. University of Victoria."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Three Dimensional Navigation Through an Information Space. Master's thesis","author":"Eyl M.","unstructured":"Eyl , M. 1995. The Harmony Information Landscape: Interactive , Three Dimensional Navigation Through an Information Space. Master's thesis , Graz University of Technology , Austria . Eyl, M. 1995. The Harmony Information Landscape: Interactive, Three Dimensional Navigation Through an Information Space. Master's thesis, Graz University of Technology, Austria."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization","author":"Fekete J.-D.","unstructured":"Fekete , J.-D. and Plaisant , C . 2002. Interactive information visualization of a million items . In Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization , Boston, 117--124. Available at http:\/\/citeseer.ist.psu.edu\/fekete02interactive.html. Fekete, J.-D. and Plaisant, C. 2002. Interactive information visualization of a million items. In Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, Boston, 117--124. Available at http:\/\/citeseer.ist.psu.edu\/fekete02interactive.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"Gene Ontology Consortium. http:\/\/www.go.org.  Gene Ontology Consortium. http:\/\/www.go.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"GOBAR. http:\/\/katahdin.cshl.org:9331\/GO.  GOBAR. http:\/\/katahdin.cshl.org:9331\/GO."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IV.2006.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"GOMINER. http:\/\/discover.nci.nih.gov\/gominer\/.  GOMINER. http:\/\/discover.nci.nih.gov\/gominer\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","unstructured":"Gophervr. ftp:\/\/boombox.micro.umn.edu\/pub\/gopher\/Unix\/GopherVR\/and ftp:\/\/boombox.micro.umn.edu\/pub\/gopher\/Macintosh-TurboGopher\/TurboGopherVR\/.  Gophervr. ftp:\/\/boombox.micro.umn.edu\/pub\/gopher\/Unix\/GopherVR\/and ftp:\/\/boombox.micro.umn.edu\/pub\/gopher\/Macintosh-TurboGopher\/TurboGopherVR\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","unstructured":"GOSURFER. http:\/\/www.gosurfer.org.  GOSURFER. http:\/\/www.gosurfer.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"GRAPHVIZ. http:\/\/www.graphviz.org\/.  GRAPHVIZ. http:\/\/www.graphviz.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"GROKKER. http:\/\/www.groxis.com.  GROKKER. http:\/\/www.groxis.com."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/knac.1993.1008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2945.841119"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929031000117080"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization","author":"Jankun K. T. J.","unstructured":"Jankun , K. T. J. and Kwan , L. M . 2003. MoireGraphs: Radial focus&plus;context visualization and interaction for graphs with visual nodes . In Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization . Seattle, Washington. 20--21. Jankun, K. T. J. and Kwan, L. M. 2003. MoireGraphs: Radial focus&plus;context visualization and interaction for graphs with visual nodes. In Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization. Seattle, Washington. 20--21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Information Visualization. 19--25","author":"Jeong C.","unstructured":"Jeong , C. and Pang , A . 1998. Reconfigurable disc trees for visualizing large hierarchical information space . In Proceedings of Information Visualization. 19--25 . Jeong, C. and Pang, A. 1998. Reconfigurable disc trees for visualizing large hierarchical information space. In Proceedings of Information Visualization. 19--25."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"KAON. http:\/\/kaon.semanticweb.org\/.  KAON. http:\/\/kaon.semanticweb.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IV.2006.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1133265.1133365"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2945.981847"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/580582.857709"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOVIS.2004.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jvlc.1996.0003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee J. S. M. Katari G. and Sachidanandam R. 2005. GObar: A Gene Ontology-Based Analysis and Visualization Tool for Gene Sets. BMC Bioinformatics.  Lee J. S. M. Katari G. and Sachidanandam R. 2005. GObar: A Gene Ontology-Based Analysis and Visualization Tool for Gene Sets. BMC Bioinformatics.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-6-189"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2006.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1168149.1168168"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Semantic Web Conference ISWC","author":"Liebig T.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Liebig , T. and Noppens , O . 2004. OntoTrack: Combining browsing and editing with rasoning and explaining for OWL lite ontologies . In Proceedings of the 3rd International Semantic Web Conference ISWC 2004 . Hiroshima, Japan. 8--11. Liebig, T. and Noppens, O. 2004. OntoTrack: Combining browsing and editing with rasoning and explaining for OWL lite ontologies. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Semantic Web Conference ISWC 2004. Hiroshima, Japan. 8--11."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/857188.857627"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/38.689657"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management (EKAW'2000)","author":"Noy N. F.","unstructured":"Noy , N. F. , Fergerson , R. W. , and Musen , M. A . 2000. The knowledge model of Protege-2000: Combining interoperability and flexibility . In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management (EKAW'2000) , Juan-les-Pins, France. Noy, N. F., Fergerson, R. W., and Musen, M. A. 2000. The knowledge model of Protege-2000: Combining interoperability and flexibility. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management (EKAW'2000), Juan-les-Pins, France."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Semantic Web (ISWC-2004)","author":"Noy N. F.","unstructured":"Noy , N. F. , Kunnatur , S. , Klein , M. , and Musen , M. A . 2004. Tracking changes during ontology evolution . In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Semantic Web (ISWC-2004) , Hisroshima, Japan. Noy, N. F., Kunnatur, S., Klein, M., and Musen, M. A. 2004. Tracking changes during ontology evolution. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Semantic Web (ISWC-2004), Hisroshima, Japan."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","unstructured":"Ontorama. http:\/\/www.ontorama.com.  Ontorama. http:\/\/www.ontorama.com."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","unstructured":"Ontosphere. http:\/\/ontosphere3d.sourceforge.net\/.  Ontosphere. http:\/\/ontosphere3d.sourceforge.net\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","unstructured":"Ontotrack. http:\/\/www.informatik.uni-ulm.de\/ki\/ontotrack.  Ontotrack. http:\/\/www.informatik.uni-ulm.de\/ki\/ontotrack."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","unstructured":"Ozone. http:\/\/www.cs.umd.edu\/hcil\/ozone\/.  Ozone. http:\/\/www.cs.umd.edu\/hcil\/ozone\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th International Semantic Web Conference, 6--10","author":"Parsia B.","unstructured":"Parsia , B. , Wang , T. , and Goldbeck , J . 2005. Visualizing Web ontologies with cropCircles . In Proceedings of the 4th International Semantic Web Conference, 6--10 . Parsia, B., Wang, T., and Goldbeck, J. 2005. Visualizing Web ontologies with cropCircles. In Proceedings of the 4th International Semantic Web Conference, 6--10."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","unstructured":"Pietriga E. IsaViz http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/11\/IsaViz\/.  Pietriga E. IsaViz http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/11\/IsaViz\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization","author":"Plaisant C.","unstructured":"Plaisant , C. , Grosjean , J. , and Bederson , B. B . 2002. SpaceTree: Supporting exploration in large node link tree, design evolution and empirical evaluation . In Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization , Boston, 57--64. Plaisant, C., Grosjean, J., and Bederson, B. B. 2002. SpaceTree: Supporting exploration in large node link tree, design evolution and empirical evaluation. In Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, Boston, 57--64."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","unstructured":"Prot\u00e9g\u00e9 Project. Stanford University http:\/\/protege.stanford.edu.  Prot\u00e9g\u00e9 Project. Stanford University http:\/\/protege.stanford.edu."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Third Annual Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS'93)","author":"Rekimoto J.","unstructured":"Rekimoto , J. and Green , M . 1993. The Information Cube: Using transparency in 3D information visualization . In Proceedings of the Third Annual Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS'93) , 125--132. http:\/\/www.csl.sony.co.jp\/person\/rekimoto\/cube.html. Rekimoto, J. and Green, M. 1993. The Information Cube: Using transparency in 3D information visualization. In Proceedings of the Third Annual Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS'93), 125--132. http:\/\/www.csl.sony.co.jp\/person\/rekimoto\/cube.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Workshop on Human Factors in Computer Systems (IHC2002)","author":"Ricardo C. A.","unstructured":"Ricardo , C. A. , Luzzardi , P. R. G. , and Freitas , C. M. D. S. 2002. The Bifocal Tree: A technique for the visualization of hierarchical information structures . In Proceedings of Workshop on Human Factors in Computer Systems (IHC2002) , Fortaleza, Brazil. Ricardo, C. A., Luzzardi, P. R. G., and Freitas, C. M. D. S. 2002. The Bifocal Tree: A technique for the visualization of hierarchical information structures. In Proceedings of Workshop on Human Factors in Computer Systems (IHC2002), Fortaleza, Brazil."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","unstructured":"Rivadeneira W. and Bederson B. B. 2003. A Study of Search Result Clustering Interfaces: Comparing Textual and Zoomable Interfaces University of Maryland HCIL Tech. Rep. HCIL-2003-36 October.  Rivadeneira W. and Bederson B. B. 2003. A Study of Search Result Clustering Interfaces: Comparing Textual and Zoomable Interfaces University of Maryland HCIL Tech. Rep. HCIL-2003-36 October."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/503376.503452"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/108844.108883"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","unstructured":"Sequoiaview. http:\/\/www.win.tue.nl\/sequoiaview\/.  Sequoiaview. http:\/\/www.win.tue.nl\/sequoiaview\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/102377.115768"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/832277.834354"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","unstructured":"Sintek M. 2003. Ontoviz tab: Visualizing Prot\u00e9g\u00e9 ontologies http:\/\/protege.stanford.edu\/plugins\/ontoviz\/ontoviz.html.  Sintek M. 2003. Ontoviz tab: Visualizing Prot\u00e9g\u00e9 ontologies http:\/\/protege.stanford.edu\/plugins\/ontoviz\/ontoviz.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/38.946631"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/944519.944551"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","unstructured":"Spacetree. http:\/\/www.cs.umd.edu\/hcil\/spacetree\/.  Spacetree. http:\/\/www.cs.umd.edu\/hcil\/spacetree\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","unstructured":"Startree. http:\/\/www.inxight.com\/.  Startree. http:\/\/www.inxight.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","unstructured":"Steven D. and Perrin J. 2004. PROMPT-Viz: Ontology Version Comparison Visualizations with Treemaps. Master Of Science Thesis in the Department of Computer Science University of Victoria. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.cs.uvic.ca\/~chisel\/thesis\/David_Perrin_Thesis.pdf.  Steven D. and Perrin J. 2004. PROMPT-Viz: Ontology Version Comparison Visualizations with Treemaps. Master Of Science Thesis in the Department of Computer Science University of Victoria. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.cs.uvic.ca\/~chisel\/thesis\/David_Perrin_Thesis.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Workshop on Interactive Tools for Knowledge Capture, K-CAP-2001","author":"Storey M.-A.","unstructured":"Storey , M.-A. , Mussen , M. , Silva , J. , Best , C. , Ernst , N. , Fergerson , R. , and Noy , N . 2001. Jambalaya: Interactive visualization to enhance ontology authoring and knowledge acquisition in Prot\u00e9g\u00e9 . In Proceedings of Workshop on Interactive Tools for Knowledge Capture, K-CAP-2001 , Victoria, BC, Canada, http:\/\/www.thechiselgroup.org\/jambalaya. Storey, M.-A., Mussen, M., Silva, J., Best, C., Ernst, N., Fergerson, R., and Noy, N. 2001. Jambalaya: Interactive visualization to enhance ontology authoring and knowledge acquisition in Prot\u00e9g\u00e9. In Proceedings of Workshop on Interactive Tools for Knowledge Capture, K-CAP-2001, Victoria, BC, Canada, http:\/\/www.thechiselgroup.org\/jambalaya."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","unstructured":"Strasnick S. L. and Tesler J. D. 1996. Method and Apparatus for Displaying Data Within a Three-Dimensional Information Landscape. US Patent 5 528 735 Silicon Graphics Inc. June. Filed 23rd March 1993 granted 18th June 1996.  Strasnick S. L. and Tesler J. D. 1996. Method and Apparatus for Displaying Data Within a Three-Dimensional Information Landscape. US Patent 5 528 735 Silicon Graphics Inc. June. Filed 23rd March 1993 granted 18th June 1996."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Advanced Visual Interfaces. ACM.","author":"Suh B.","unstructured":"Suh , B. and Bederson , B. B . 2002. OZONE: A zoomable interface for navigating ontology information . In Proceedings of Advanced Visual Interfaces. ACM. Suh, B. and Bederson, B. B. 2002. OZONE: A zoomable interface for navigating ontology information. In Proceedings of Advanced Visual Interfaces. ACM."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference on Ontologies, Databases and Applications of Semantics (ODBASE'02)","author":"Sure Y.","unstructured":"Sure , Y. , Angele , J. , and Staab , S . 2002. OntoEdit: Guiding ontology development by methodology and inferencing . In Proceedings of International Conference on Ontologies, Databases and Applications of Semantics (ODBASE'02) , Irvine. Sure, Y., Angele, J., and Staab, S. 2002. OntoEdit: Guiding ontology development by methodology and inferencing. In Proceedings of International Conference on Ontologies, Databases and Applications of Semantics (ODBASE'02), Irvine."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"Information visualization techniques in bioinformatics during the postgenomic era","volume":"2","author":"Tao Y.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tao , Y. , Liu , Y. , Friedman , C. , and Lussier , A. Y. 2004 . Information visualization techniques in bioinformatics during the postgenomic era . BIOSILICO , Vol. 2 , No. 6 , 237 -- 245 . Tao, Y., Liu, Y., Friedman, C., and Lussier, A. Y. 2004. Information visualization techniques in bioinformatics during the postgenomic era. BIOSILICO, Vol. 2, No. 6, 237--245.","journal-title":"BIOSILICO"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","unstructured":"Touchgraph. http:\/\/www.touchgraph.com\/.  Touchgraph. http:\/\/www.touchgraph.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","unstructured":"Treemap. http:\/\/www.cs.umd.edu\/hcil\/treemap.  Treemap. http:\/\/www.cs.umd.edu\/hcil\/treemap."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/857191.857750"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (InfoVis'99)","author":"van Wijk J. J.","unstructured":"van Wijk , J. J. and van de Wetering, H. 1999. Cushion Treemaps: Visualization of hierarchical information . In Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (InfoVis'99) . IEEE Computer Society, 73--78. van Wijk, J. J. and van de Wetering, H. 1999. Cushion Treemaps: Visualization of hierarchical information. In Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (InfoVis'99). IEEE Computer Society, 73--78."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11926078_50"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","unstructured":"Wiss U. and Carr D. 1998. A Cognitive Classification Framework for 3-Dimensional Information Visualization. Research Report LTU-TR---1998\/4---SE Lule\u00e5 University of Technology.  Wiss U. and Carr D. 1998. A Cognitive Classification Framework for 3-Dimensional Information Visualization. Research Report LTU-TR---1998\/4---SE Lule\u00e5 University of Technology."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Information Visualisation (IV'98)","author":"Wiss U.","unstructured":"Wiss , U. , Carr , D. , and Johnson , H . 1998. Evaluating three-dimensional visualization designs: A case study of three designs . In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Information Visualisation (IV'98) . p. 137 . Wiss, U., Carr, D., and Johnson, H. 1998. Evaluating three-dimensional visualization designs: A case study of three designs. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Information Visualisation (IV'98). p. 137."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","volume-title":"Master's thesis at Graz University of Technology","author":"Wolte J.","unstructured":"Wolte , J. 1998. Information Pyramids---Compactly Visualizing Large Hierarchies , Master's thesis at Graz University of Technology , Institute for Information Processing and Computer Supported New Media (IICM), Graz University of Technology A-8010 Graz , Austria. Wolte, J. 1998. Information Pyramids---Compactly Visualizing Large Hierarchies, Master's thesis at Graz University of Technology, Institute for Information Processing and Computer Supported New Media (IICM), Graz University of Technology A-8010 Graz, Austria."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2000 Conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative Research. ACM.","author":"Wu J.","unstructured":"Wu , J. and Storey , M . -A. 2000. A multi-perspective software visualization environment . In Proceedings of the 2000 Conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative Research. ACM. Wu, J. and Storey, M.-A. 2000. A multi-perspective software visualization environment. In Proceedings of the 2000 Conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative Research. ACM."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00822942-200403040-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSB.2004.55"}],"container-title":["ACM Computing Surveys"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1287620.1287621","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1287620.1287621","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T14:57:50Z","timestamp":1750258670000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1287620.1287621"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,2]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1287620.1287621"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1287620.1287621","relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-0300","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-11-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}