{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T21:27:48Z","timestamp":1776115668213,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,28]],"date-time":"2007-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGMIS Database"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although the number of virtual worlds and their participants is growing rapidly, this phenomena is primarily a Western Culture dominated environment. There is little if any attention paid to other cultures. This article examines this issue from an Islamic perspective? It examines the assumption that if virtual worlds are to become a truly global platform for collaboration, particularly in multinational enterprises, then it will be essential to \"encode\" the flexibility for social interactions to take place in a way that is sensitive to other cultures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1314234.1314253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,15]],"date-time":"2007-11-15T14:26:02Z","timestamp":1195136762000},"page":"100-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Islamic perspective"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Shafiz Affendi Mohd","family":"Yusof","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Utara Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norhayati","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Utara Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior","author":"Adler N.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Adler , N. ( 2002 ). International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior ( Fourth Edition), Cincinnati : South-Western College Publishing . Adler, N. (2002). International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior (Fourth Edition), Cincinnati: South-Western College Publishing."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-839X.00097"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Foundations of Intercultural Communication","author":"Chen G. M.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chen , G. M. , and Starosta , W. J . ( 1998 ). Foundations of Intercultural Communication . Needham Heights, MA : Allyn &amp; Bacon . Chen, G. M., and Starosta, W. J. (1998). Foundations of Intercultural Communication. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn &amp; Bacon."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Multicultural Management 2000: Essential Cultural Insights for Global Business Success","author":"Elashmawi F. A","year":"2000","unstructured":"Elashmawi , F. A , and Harris , M . ( 2000 ). Multicultural Management 2000: Essential Cultural Insights for Global Business Success , Houston, TX : Gulf Publishing Company . Elashmawi, F. A, and Harris, M. (2000). Multicultural Management 2000: Essential Cultural Insights for Global Business Success, Houston, TX: Gulf Publishing Company."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-1767(97)00005-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Culture and Interpersonal Communication","author":"Gudykunst W. B.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gudykunst , W. B. , and Ting-Toomey , S. ( 1998 ). Culture and Interpersonal Communication , Newbury Park, CA .: Sage . Gudykunst, W. B., and Ting-Toomey, S. (1998). Culture and Interpersonal Communication, Newbury Park, CA.: Sage."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.1996.tb00377.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009365097024004001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Beyond Culture","author":"Hall E. T.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Hall , E. T. ( 1976 ). Beyond Culture . Garden City, NJ : Anchor Books\/Doubleday . Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond Culture. Garden City, NJ: Anchor Books\/Doubleday."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Understanding Cultural Differences: Germans, French, and Americans","author":"Hall E.T","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hall , E.T , and Hall , M . ( 1990 ). Understanding Cultural Differences: Germans, French, and Americans . Boston, MA : Intercultural Press . Hall, E.T, and Hall, M. (1990). Understanding Cultural Differences: Germans, French, and Americans. Boston, MA: Intercultural Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/309035.309040"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"375","volume-title":"Adapting to a New Culture: An Integrative Communication Theory,\" in Gudykunst","author":"Kim Y. Y.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim , Y. Y. ( 2005 ). \" Adapting to a New Culture: An Integrative Communication Theory,\" in Gudykunst , W.B. (Ed.), Theorizing About Intercultural Communication, Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications , (pp. 375 -- 400 ). Kim, Y. Y. (2005). \"Adapting to a New Culture: An Integrative Communication Theory,\" in Gudykunst, W.B. (Ed.), Theorizing About Intercultural Communication, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, (pp.375--400)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Bridging Cultural Conflicts: New Approaches for a Changing World","author":"LeBaron M. L.","year":"2003","unstructured":"LeBaron , M. L. ( 2003 ). Bridging Cultural Conflicts: New Approaches for a Changing World . San Francisco : Jossey-Bass Publishers . LeBaron, M. L. (2003). Bridging Cultural Conflicts: New Approaches for a Changing World. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Language and Verbal Communication Across Cultures,\" in W","author":"Lim T. S.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lim , T. S. ( 2003 ). \" Language and Verbal Communication Across Cultures,\" in W .B. Gudykunst, W.B. (Ed.), Cross-cultural and Intercultural Communication, Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage , (pp. 53 -- 72 ). Lim, T. S. (2003). \"Language and Verbal Communication Across Cultures,\" in W.B. Gudykunst, W.B. (Ed.), Cross-cultural and Intercultural Communication, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, (pp.53--72)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"351","volume-title":"Effective Intercultural Workgroup Communication Theory,\" in Gudykunst","author":"Oetzel J. G.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oetzel , J. G. ( 2005 ). \" Effective Intercultural Workgroup Communication Theory,\" in Gudykunst , W.B. (Ed.), Theorizing About Intercultural Communication, Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage , pp. 351 -- 372 . Oetzel, J. G. (2005). \"Effective Intercultural Workgroup Communication Theory,\" in Gudykunst, W.B. (Ed.), Theorizing About Intercultural Communication, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, pp. 351--372."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022022102250724"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Stolterman E. Agren P-O. and \n      Croon A\n  . (\n  1999\n  ). \n  Virtual communities: Why and how are they studied Retrieved from http:\/\/www.vircom.com\/virtualcommunities.html.  Stolterman E. Agren P-O. and Croon A. (1999). Virtual communities: Why and how are they studied Retrieved from http:\/\/www.vircom.com\/virtualcommunities.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"International Management: Theories and Practices","author":"Tayeb M.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tayeb , M. ( 2003 ). International Management: Theories and Practices , Essex : Pearson Education Limited . Tayeb, M. (2003). International Management: Theories and Practices, Essex: Pearson Education Limited."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"New York: Guilford.","author":"Ting-Toomey S.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ting-Toomey , S. ( 1999 ). Communicating Across Cultures , New York: Guilford. Ting-Toomey, S. (1999). Communicating Across Cultures, New York: Guilford."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Culture and Social Behavior","author":"Triandis H. C.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Triandis , H. C. ( 1994 ). Culture and Social Behavior , New York : McGraw-Hill . Triandis, H. C. (1994). Culture and Social Behavior, New York: McGraw-Hill."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"38","volume-title":"Artifacts and Cultures-of-use in Intercultural Communication,\" Language, learning and technology","author":"Thorne S .","year":"2003","unstructured":"Thorne , S . L. ( 2003 ). \" Artifacts and Cultures-of-use in Intercultural Communication,\" Language, learning and technology , Vol. 7 , No .2, pp. 38 -- 67 . Thorne, S .L. (2003). \"Artifacts and Cultures-of-use in Intercultural Communication,\" Language, learning and technology, Vol. 7, No.2, pp. 38--67."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-8111(95)90024-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/09593840310463023"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Culture Matters? The Impact of Context on the Globally Distributed Decision Making Processes During World Summit on Information Society,\" Unpublished doctoral dissertation","author":"Zakaria N.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zakaria , N. ( 2006 ). \" Culture Matters? The Impact of Context on the Globally Distributed Decision Making Processes During World Summit on Information Society,\" Unpublished doctoral dissertation , Syracuse University . Zakaria, N. (2006). \"Culture Matters? The Impact of Context on the Globally Distributed Decision Making Processes During World Summit on Information Society,\" Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Syracuse University."}],"container-title":["ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1314234.1314253","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1314234.1314253","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T15:14:06Z","timestamp":1750259646000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1314234.1314253"}},"subtitle":["virtual worlds as a western-centric technology"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,28]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1314234.1314253"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1314234.1314253","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-0033","1532-0936"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-0033","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-0936","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-10-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}