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The algorithm relies on the decomposition of queries into query pattern paths, where each path produces a set of values for each variable within the result form of the query. In order to estimate the total number of result set parameters for each path, a set of statistics is compiled on the properties of the ontology. Experimental analysis has shown that the algorithm produces estimates with high accuracy and with high correlation to actual values. Thus, this algorithm can be used as the cornerstone of an effective optimization strategy for queries on diverse, heterogeneous data sources modeled as ontologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1328854.1328856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,7]],"date-time":"2008-01-07T14:37:18Z","timestamp":1199716638000},"page":"13-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cardinality estimation for the optimization of queries on ontologies"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"E. Patrick","family":"Shironoshita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infotech Soft, Inc., Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infotech Soft, Inc., Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mansur R.","family":"Kabuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infotech Soft, Inc., Miami, FL and University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/275487.275492"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Proc. of the 31st Intl. Conf. on Very Large Data Bases","author":"Chong El S","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chong El , Das S , Eadon G , Srinivasan J. An efficient SQL-based RDF querying scheme . Proc. of the 31st Intl. Conf. on Very Large Data Bases , Trondheim, Norway. 2005 :1216--1227. Chong El, Das S, Eadon G, Srinivasan J. An efficient SQL-based RDF querying scheme. Proc. of the 31st Intl. Conf. on Very Large Data Bases, Trondheim, Norway. 2005:1216--1227."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:WWWJ.0000015866.43076.06"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/564691.564713"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Knowledge Systems Laboratory","author":"Gruber TR.","unstructured":"Gruber TR. Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing. Technical report KSL 93-04 , Knowledge Systems Laboratory , Stanford University , Available from: ftp.ksl.stanford.edu\/pub\/KSL_Reports\/KSL-93-04.ps.gz. Gruber TR. Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing. Technical report KSL 93-04, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Available from: ftp.ksl.stanford.edu\/pub\/KSL_Reports\/KSL-93-04.ps.gz."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1007568.1007613"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kohler J Philippi S Lange M. SEMEDA: ontology based semantic integration of biological databases. Bioinformatics. 2003 Dec 12;19(18):2420--2427.  Kohler J Philippi S Lange M. SEMEDA: ontology based semantic integration of biological databases. Bioinformatics. 2003 Dec 12;19(18):2420--2427.","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btg340"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Manola F Miller E editors. RDF Primer. W3C Recommendation {updated 2004 Feb 10 accessed 2006 Mar 21}. Available from: http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/rdf-primer\/.  Manola F Miller E editors. RDF Primer. W3C Recommendation {updated 2004 Feb 10 accessed 2006 Mar 21}. 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SPARQL Query Language for RDF W3C Working Draft {updated 2007 Mar 26 accessed 2007 Jun 11}. Available from: http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/rdf-sparql-query\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2003.1185844"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00778-003-0118-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"McGuiness DL editors","author":"Smith MK","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smith MK , Welty C , McGuiness DL editors . OWL Web Ontology Language Guide, W3 C Recommendation {updated 2004 Feb 10, accessed 2006 Mar 21}. Available from: http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/owl-guide\/. Smith MK, Welty C, McGuiness DL editors. OWL Web Ontology Language Guide, W3C Recommendation {updated 2004 Feb 10, accessed 2006 Mar 21}. Available from: http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/owl-guide\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"et.al. 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