{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T20:05:39Z","timestamp":1773086739407,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Embed. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            It is desirable to develop large complex systems using components based on systematic abstraction and composition. Our goal is to develop a compositional real-time scheduling framework to support abstraction and composition techniques for real-time aspects of components. In this paper, we present a formal description of compositional real-time scheduling problems, which are the\n            <jats:italic>component abstraction<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>composition<\/jats:italic>\n            problems. We identify issues that need be addressed by solutions and provide our framework for the solutions, which is based on the\n            <jats:italic>periodic interface<\/jats:italic>\n            . Specifically, we introduce the periodic resource model to characterize resource allocations provided to a single component. We present exact schedulability conditions for the standard Liu and Layland periodic task model and the proposed periodic resource model under EDF and RM scheduling, and we show that the component abstraction and composition problems can be addressed with periodic interfaces through the exact schedulability conditions. We also provide the utilization bounds of a periodic task set over the periodic resource model and the abstraction bounds of periodic interfaces for a periodic task set under EDF and RM scheduling. We finally present the analytical bounds of overheads that our solution incurs in terms of resource utilization increase and evaluate the overheads through simulations.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1347375.1347383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,15]],"date-time":"2008-05-15T18:28:05Z","timestamp":1210876085000},"page":"1-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Compositional real-time scheduling framework with periodic model"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Insik","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Insup","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"RTSS '98: Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 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In RTSS '90: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 182--190 . Baruah, S., Mok, A., and Rosier, L. 1990b. Preemptively scheduling hard-real-time sporadic tasks on one processor. In RTSS '90: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 182--190."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/12.919277"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"RTSS '97: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 308--319","author":"Deng Z.","unstructured":"Deng , Z. and Liu , J. W . -S. 1997. Scheduling real-time applications in an open environment . In RTSS '97: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 308--319 . Deng, Z. and Liu, J. W.-S. 1997. Scheduling real-time applications in an open environment. In RTSS '97: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 308--319."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"RTSS '02: Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS'02)","author":"Feng X. 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