{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T07:04:12Z","timestamp":1778655852787,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":25,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,23]],"date-time":"2008-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1216771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,23]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/1408664.1408671","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,4]],"date-time":"2008-09-04T21:44:44Z","timestamp":1220564684000},"page":"44-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":185,"title":["Usability of CAPTCHAs or usability issues in CAPTCHA design"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Jeff","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Newcastle University, UK"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Salah","family":"El Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Newcastle University, UK"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/966389.966390"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Oct","year":"2007","unstructured":"Luis von Ahn , Personal Communications , Oct 2007 . Luis von Ahn, Personal Communications, Oct 2007."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11427896_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1054972.1055070"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11427896_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Proc. of 10th IS&T\/SPIE Document Recognition & Retrieval Conference","author":"Chew M","year":"2003","unstructured":"M Chew and HS Baird . \"BaffleText : a human interactive proof \". Proc. of 10th IS&T\/SPIE Document Recognition & Retrieval Conference , 2003 . M Chew and HS Baird. \"BaffleText: a human interactive proof\". Proc. of 10th IS&T\/SPIE Document Recognition & Retrieval Conference, 2003."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","first-page":"158","volume":"5","author":"Coates AL","year":"2003","unstructured":"AL Coates , H S Baird and RJ Fateman . \"PessimalPrint: A Reverse Turing Test\", Int'l. J. on Document Analysis & Recognition , Vol. 5 , pp. 158 -- 163 , 2003 . AL Coates, H S Baird and RJ Fateman. \"PessimalPrint: A Reverse Turing Test\", Int'l. J. on Document Analysis & Recognition, Vol. 5, pp. 158--163, 2003.","journal-title":"Recognition"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/38.773961"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11427896_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Dec 13","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dan Goodin, \"Facebook takes the Captcha rap\". The Register , Dec 13 , 2007 . Available at http:\/\/www.theregister.co.uk\/2007\/12\/13\/facebook_captcha _goes_wrong\/ Dan Goodin, \"Facebook takes the Captcha rap\". The Register, Dec 13, 2007. Available at http:\/\/www.theregister.co.uk\/2007\/12\/13\/facebook_captcha _goes_wrong\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"News.com 2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","first-page":"134","volume-title":"IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'03)","year":"2003","unstructured":"Greg Mori and Jitendra Malik. \"Recognising Objects in Adversarial Clutter : Breaking a Visual CAPTCHA \", IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'03) , Vol 1, June 2003 , pp. 134 -- 141 . Greg Mori and Jitendra Malik. \"Recognising Objects in Adversarial Clutter: Breaking a Visual CAPTCHA\", IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'03), Vol 1, June 2003, pp. 134--141."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Usability 101: Introduction to Usability","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jakob Nielsen. Usability 101: Introduction to Usability , 2003 . Available at http:\/\/www.useit.com\/alertbox\/20030825.html. Jakob Nielsen. Usability 101: Introduction to Usability, 2003. Available at http:\/\/www.useit.com\/alertbox\/20030825.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Nov, 2005.","author":"W3C Working Group","unstructured":"W3C Working Group , \"Inaccessibility of CAP TCHA - Alternatives to Visual Turing Tests on the Web \", Nov, 2005. Available at http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/turingtest\/. W3C Working Group, \"Inaccessibility of CAPTCHA - Alternatives to Visual Turing Tests on the Web\", Nov, 2005. Available at http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/turingtest\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Proc. of the 23rd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC'07)","author":"Yan J","year":"2007","unstructured":"J Yan and A S El Ahmad . \"Breaking Visual CAPTCHAs with Na\u00efve Pattern Recognition Algorithms\" , in Proc. of the 23rd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC'07) . FL, USA, Dec 2007 . IEEE computer society. pp 279--291. J Yan and A S El Ahmad. \"Breaking Visual CAPTCHAs with Na\u00efve Pattern Recognition Algorithms\", in Proc. of the 23rd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC'07). FL, USA, Dec 2007. IEEE computer society. pp 279--291."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"http:\/\/www.chimetv.com\/tv\/products\/botblock.shtml. Accessed","year":"2008","unstructured":"BotBlock. http:\/\/www.chimetv.com\/tv\/products\/botblock.shtml. Accessed in Feb , 2008 . BotBlock. http:\/\/www.chimetv.com\/tv\/products\/botblock.shtml. Accessed in Feb, 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"http:\/\/recaptcha.net\/  http:\/\/recaptcha.net\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.cryptographp.com  http:\/\/www.cryptographp.com"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"FreeCap. http:\/\/www.puremango.co.uk\/cm_php_captcha_script_113.php  FreeCap. http:\/\/www.puremango.co.uk\/cm_php_captcha_script_113.php"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"Diablo 2 event http:\/\/newd2event.net\/index.php?id=hacks\/redvex\/HotPlug_Plugin  Diablo 2 event http:\/\/newd2event.net\/index.php?id=hacks\/redvex\/HotPlug_Plugin"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"http:\/\/www.nswardh.com\/shout\/. Accessed","year":"2008","unstructured":"The \"Shout it out\" audio CAPTCHA , http:\/\/www.nswardh.com\/shout\/. Accessed in Feb , 2008 . The \"Shout it out\" audio CAPTCHA, http:\/\/www.nswardh.com\/shout\/. Accessed in Feb, 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1411759.1411783"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1101149.1101218"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1315245.1315291"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"TN","author":"Hoque M","year":"2006","unstructured":"M Hoque , D Russomanno , M Yeasin . \"2 D Captchas from 3D Models\", IEEE SoutheastCon 2006 Memphis , TN , April 2006. M Hoque, D Russomanno, M Yeasin. \"2D Captchas from 3D Models\", IEEE SoutheastCon 2006 Memphis, TN, April 2006."}],"event":{"name":"SOUPS '08: The fourth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security","location":"Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA","acronym":"SOUPS '08"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 4th symposium on Usable privacy and security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1408664.1408671","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1408664.1408671","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T13:57:44Z","timestamp":1750255064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1408664.1408671"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,23]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1408664.1408671","10.1145\/1408664"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1408664.1408671","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-07-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}