{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T03:23:31Z","timestamp":1770434611185,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["interactions"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/1456202.1456220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,23]],"date-time":"2008-12-23T14:15:53Z","timestamp":1230041753000},"page":"69-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["ON MODELINGWhat is interaction?"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hugh","family":"Dubberly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dubberly Design Office"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Pangaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cybernetic Lifestyles"}]},{"given":"Usman","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haque Design + Research Ltd."}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1390085.1390091"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buchanan R. \"Branzi's Dilemma: Design in contemporary culture.\" Design Issues 14 no. 1 (1998). Buchanan R. \"Branzi's Dilemma: Design in contemporary culture.\" Design Issues 14 no. 1 (1998).","DOI":"10.2307\/1511825"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"1964","article-title":"Science and Design","volume":"10","author":"Maldonado T.","journal-title":"Journal of the Ulm School for Design"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"New York: Basic Books","author":"Norman D. A.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Norman D. A. Personal correspondence 31 October 2008. Norman D. A. Personal correspondence 31 October 2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Verplank B. Interaction Design Sketchbook February 2001. (unpublished manuscript.) Verplank B. Interaction Design Sketchbook February 2001. (unpublished manuscript.)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Pangaro P. \"New Order from Old: The Rise of Second-Order Cybernetics and Implications for Machine Intelligence.\" Keynote presentation given at the annual conference of the American Society for Cybernetics Vancouver Canada October 1988. <http:\/\/pangaro.com\/NOFO>. Pangaro P. \"New Order from Old: The Rise of Second-Order Cybernetics and Implications for Machine Intelligence.\" Keynote presentation given at the annual conference of the American Society for Cybernetics Vancouver Canada October 1988. <http:\/\/pangaro.com\/NOFO>."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/553473"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haque U. Personal correspondence 25 August 2008. Haque U. Personal correspondence 25 August 2008.","DOI":"10.1192\/S1749367600005488"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_10_1.1","unstructured":"Debatty R. \"Interview with Douglas Edric Stanley.\" Weblog. We Make Money Not Art. 5 June 2006. <http:\/\/www.we-make-money-not-art.com\/archives\/2006\/06\/can-you-tell-us.php&gt"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_10_1.2","unstructured":"Debatty R. \"Interview with Douglas Edric Stanley.\" Weblog. We Make Money Not Art . 5 June 2006. <http:\/\/www.we-make-money-not-art.com\/archives\/2006\/06\/can-you-tell-us.php>"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1572419"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boulding K. \"General Systems Theory: The Skeleton of Science.\" Management Science 2 no. 3 (1956). Boulding K. \"General Systems Theory: The Skeleton of Science.\" Management Science 2 no. 3 (1956).","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2.3.197"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"Rittel H. \"The Universe of Design.\" A series of lectures given at UC Berkeley 1965. Rittel H. \"The Universe of Design.\" A series of lectures given at UC Berkeley 1965."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Amsterdam: Elsevier","author":"Pask G.","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Pangaro P. \"Participative Systems.\" November 2000. <http:\/\/www.pangaro.com\/PS\/PS2005-v1b-4up.pdf> Pangaro P. \"Participative Systems.\" November 2000. <http:\/\/www.pangaro.com\/PS\/PS2005-v1b-4up.pdf>"}],"container-title":["Interactions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1456202.1456220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1456202.1456220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T13:29:32Z","timestamp":1750253372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1456202.1456220"}},"subtitle":["are there different types?"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1456202.1456220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1456202.1456220","relation":{},"ISSN":["1072-5520","1558-3449"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1072-5520","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-3449","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-01-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}