{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T04:51:09Z","timestamp":1780116669556,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Comput. Logic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Timed automata [Alur and Dill 1994] comprise a popular model for describing real-time and embedded systems and reasoning formally about them. Efficient model-checking algorithms have been developed and implemented in tools such as Kronos [Daws et al. 1996] or Uppaal [Larsen et al. 1997] for checking safety properties on this model, which amounts to reachability. These algorithms use the so-called zone-closed simulation graph, a finite graph that admits efficient representation and has been recently shown to preserve reachability [Bouyer 2004]. Building upon Bouyer [2004] and our previous work [Bouajjani et al. 1997; Tripakis et al. 2005], we show that this graph can also be used for checking liveness properties, in particular, emptiness of timed B\u00fcchi automata.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1507244.1507245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,15]],"date-time":"2009-04-15T13:37:07Z","timestamp":1239802627000},"page":"1-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Checking timed B\u00fcchi automata emptiness on simulation graphs"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Stavros","family":"Tripakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/inco.1993.1024"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3975(94)90010-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'04)","volume":"2988","author":"Behrmann G."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference of Formal Engineering Methods (ICFEM'03)","volume":"2885","author":"Bengtsson J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"An enumerative approach for analyzing time Petri nets","volume":"9","author":"Berthomieu B.","year":"1983","journal-title":"IFIP Congress Series"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 18th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS'97)","author":"Bouajjani A."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:FORM.0000026093.21513.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Clarke E. 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