{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T22:56:45Z","timestamp":1762210605430,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Data and Information Quality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We propose a new approach for estimating and replacing missing categorical data. With this approach, the posterior probabilities of a missing attribute value belonging to a certain category are estimated using the simple Bayes method. Two alternative methods for replacing the missing value are proposed: The first replaces the missing value with the value having the estimated maximum probability; the second uses a value that is selected with probability proportional to the estimated posterior distribution. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated based on some important data quality measures for data warehousing and data mining. The results of the experimental study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1515693.1515695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,30]],"date-time":"2009-11-30T14:56:36Z","timestamp":1259592996000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Bayesian Approach for Estimating and Replacing Missing Categorical Data"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Xiao-Bai","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Lowell"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Asuncion A. and Newman D. J. 2007. UCI Machine Learning Repository. School of Information and Computer Science University of California Irvine CA. http:\/\/www.ics.uci.edu\/~mlearn\/MLRepository.html. Asuncion A. and Newman D. J. 2007. UCI Machine Learning Repository . School of Information and Computer Science University of California Irvine CA. http:\/\/www.ics.uci.edu\/~mlearn\/MLRepository.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Breiman L. Friedman J. H. Olshen R. A. and Stone C. J. 1984. Classification and Regression Trees. Wadsworth Belmont CA. Breiman L. Friedman J. H. Olshen R. A. and Stone C. J. 1984. Classification and Regression Trees . Wadsworth Belmont CA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428103254672"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1986.10478319"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022641700528"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/320107.320109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Congdon P. 2005. Bayesian Models for Categorical Data. John Wiley &amp; Sons New York. Congdon P. 2005. Bayesian Models for Categorical Data . John Wiley &amp; Sons New York.","DOI":"10.1002\/0470092394"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Duda R. O. Hart P. E. and Stork D. G. 2001. Pattern Classification. John Wiley &amp; Sons New York. Duda R. O. Hart P. E. and Stork D. G. 2001. Pattern Classification . John Wiley &amp; Sons New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/775047.775080"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-9236(02)00006-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/203330.203340"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1070.0745"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"Law A. M. and Kelton W. D. 1991. Simulation Modeling and Analysis. McGraw-Hill New York. Law A. M. and Kelton W. D. 1991. Simulation Modeling and Analysis . McGraw-Hill New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1060.0095"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Michie D. Spiegelhalter D. J. and Taylor C. C. Eds. 1994. Machine Learning Neural and Statistical Classification. Ellis Horwood New York. Michie D. Spiegelhalter D. J. and Taylor C. C. Eds. 1994. Machine Learning Neural and Statistical Classification . Ellis Horwood New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/505248.506010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Pyle D. 1999. Data Preparation for Data Mining. Morgan Kaufmann San Mateo CA. Pyle D. 1999. Data Preparation for Data Mining . Morgan Kaufmann San Mateo CA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/102118.102173"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Quinlan J. R. 1993. C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning. Morgan Kaufmann San Mateo CA. Quinlan J. R. 1993. C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning . Morgan Kaufmann San Mateo CA."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 28th Very Large Data Base Conference.","author":"Rizvi S. J.","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"SAS Institute Inc. 1990. SAS Procedure Guide. SAS Institute Inc. Cary NC. SAS Institute Inc. 1990. SAS Procedure Guide . SAS Institute Inc. Cary NC."},{"volume-title":"Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques","year":"2005","author":"Witten I. H.","key":"e_1_2_1_22_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu H. and Wang R. 2008. An information quality framework for verifiable intelligence products. In Data Engineering: Mining Information and Intelligence. Y. Chan et al. Eds. Springer New York. to appear. Zhu H. and Wang R. 2008. An information quality framework for verifiable intelligence products. In Data Engineering: Mining Information and Intelligence . Y. Chan et al. Eds. Springer New York. to appear.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-0176-7_14"}],"container-title":["Journal of Data and Information Quality"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1515693.1515695","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1515693.1515695","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T13:38:44Z","timestamp":1750253924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1515693.1515695"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1515693.1515695"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1515693.1515695","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-1955","1936-1963"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1936-1955"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1936-1963"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-06-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}