{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T02:22:24Z","timestamp":1775096544241,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":98,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,28]],"date-time":"2009-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,28]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/1542130.1542139","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,2]],"date-time":"2009-06-02T14:51:13Z","timestamp":1243954273000},"page":"41-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Examining career orientations of information systems personnel in an emerging economy context"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"K. V.","family":"Mgaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faith-Michael E.","family":"Uzoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. G.","family":"Kitindi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. P.","family":"Shemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009102600002900303"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/09593849510098262"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.1994.11518055"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management","author":"Baysinger B.D.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Downloaded on","author":"Beecham S.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2753\/RSS1061-1428420478"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1158431"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/298168"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-5357(99)00026-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Botswana Central Statistical Office (1998a) Education Statistics 1998.  Botswana Central Statistical Office (1998a) Education Statistics 1998."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Botswana Central Statistical Office (1998b) Labour Statistics 1998.  Botswana Central Statistical Office (1998b) Labour Statistics 1998."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Botswana Central Statistical Office (1998c) 1995\/96 Labour Force Survey 1998.  Botswana Central Statistical Office (1998c) 1995\/96 Labour Force Survey 1998."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10572317.2006.10762700"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown C.A. (2001) Can Legislation Reduce gender differences in Subject Choice? A survey of GCSE and A level Entries Between 1970 and 1995 Educational studies (Carfax Publishing) Vol. 27 Issue 2 p173.  Brown C.A. (2001) Can Legislation Reduce gender differences in Subject Choice? A survey of GCSE and A level Entries Between 1970 and 1995 Educational studies (Carfax Publishing) Vol. 27 Issue 2 p173.","DOI":"10.1080\/03055690120050400"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3006177"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","article-title":"Analyzing Firms, Jobs, and Turnover","author":"Burgess S.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Monthly Labor Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Towards Prosperity for All. Downloaded on","author":"Botswana Vision","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-2435.00253"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13620430410544355"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","first-page":"43","volume-title":"March","volume":"11","author":"Clegg S.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540250120063580"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Cone E. (1998) Managing that churning sensation InformationWeek 05\/04\/1998 Issue 680 pp50.  Cone E. (1998) Managing that churning sensation InformationWeek 05\/04\/1998 Issue 680 pp50."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.1986.4282625"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Motivating Analysts and Programmers","volume":"15","author":"Couger J.D.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Computerworld"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Business Quarterly, Spring","volume":"57","author":"Cremer C.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13620430610672513"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"Davis B. (1996) Where did all the techs go? Communications Week (4\/22\/1996) Issue 607 pp8--10.  Davis B. (1996) Where did all the techs go? Communications Week (4\/22\/1996) Issue 607 pp8--10."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"Derr C.B. (1986) Managing the New Careerists Jossey Bass San Francisco CA.  Derr C.B. (1986) Managing the New Careerists Jossey Bass San Francisco CA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","first-page":"34","volume-title":"Spring","volume":"8","author":"Discenza R.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13620430410526193"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","first-page":"6","volume-title":"HR Focus, February","volume":"76","author":"Fink J.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/144001.144027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guthrie J.P. (2000) Alternative Pay Practices and Employee Turnover: An Organization Economics Perspective Group & Organization Management Vol. 25 Issue 4 pp419--440.  Guthrie J.P. (2000) Alternative Pay Practices and Employee Turnover: An Organization Economics Perspective Group & Organization Management Vol. 25 Issue 4 pp419--440.","DOI":"10.1177\/1059601100254006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Labour Storage is real","volume":"32","author":"Hayes F.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Computerworld"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135050680000700209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","unstructured":"Hofstede G. (1980) Culture's Consequences Sage Publications Beverly Hills CA.  Hofstede G. (1980) Culture's Consequences Sage Publications Beverly Hills CA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/957758.957766"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Testing Theories of Gender Differences in the Careers of Lawyers, Social Forces","volume":"79","author":"Hull K.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.1993.11518003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.1993.11518003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249713"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249764"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249734"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0963-8687(95)80002-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management: A Research Annual","author":"Ilgen D.R.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Internet World Stats","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Survey of ICT and Education in Africa. Retrieved","author":"Isaacs S.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/00483480710822463"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1125170.1125222"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.1999.11518262"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","volume-title":"Management in Developing Countries","author":"Kanungo R.N.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","unstructured":"Katz R. (1998) Motivation leads to innovation InformationWeek 09\/14\/ 1998 Issue 700 pp294--298.  Katz R. (1998) Motivation leads to innovation InformationWeek 09\/14\/ 1998 Issue 700 pp294--8."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lane N. (2000) The Low Status of Female Part-Time NHS Nurses: A Bed-Pan Ceiling? Gender Work & Organization Vol. 7 Issue 4 pp269--82.  Lane N. (2000) The Low Status of Female Part-Time NHS Nurses: A Bed-Pan Ceiling? Gender Work & Organization Vol. 7 Issue 4 pp269--82.","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0432.00114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13620430210414829"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","first-page":"104","article-title":"Culture, Culture Learning and New technologies: Towards a Pedagogical Framework","volume":"11","author":"Levy M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Language Learning and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matthews R. and Nee V. (2000) Gender Inequality and Economic Growth in Rural China Social Science Research Vol. 29 Issue 4 p606.  Matthews R. and Nee V. (2000) Gender Inequality and Economic Growth in Rural China Social Science Research Vol. 29 Issue 4 p606.","DOI":"10.1006\/ssre.2000.0684"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","unstructured":"McKenna J (2006) Digital Divide Narrows According to the McKenna's Seventh Annual E-readiness Rankings Economist Intelligence Unit .Downloaded from http:\/\/store.eiu.com on December 22 2006.  McKenna J (2006) Digital Divide Narrows According to the McKenna's Seventh Annual E-readiness Rankings Economist Intelligence Unit .Downloaded from http:\/\/store.eiu.com on December 22 2006."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","unstructured":"McNally J.S. (2001) Retaining Valued Employees Pennsylvania CPA Journal; Winter Vol. 71 Issue 4 pp24--29.  McNally J.S. (2001) Retaining Valued Employees Pennsylvania CPA Journal; Winter Vol. 71 Issue 4 pp24--29."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/01437729610127640"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","unstructured":"Meyerson D. Fletcher J.K. and Modest A. (2000) Manifesto for Shattering the Glass Ceiling Harvard Business Review; Jan\/Feb Vol. 78 Issue 1 pp126--138.  Meyerson D. Fletcher J.K. and Modest A. (2000) Manifesto for Shattering the Glass Ceiling Harvard Business Review; Jan\/Feb Vol. 78 Issue 1 pp126--138."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/WRSTSD.2005.007301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"More visas? A good move for IS","volume":"32","author":"Miller H.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Computerworld"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","unstructured":"Mobley W.H. (1982) Employee turnover: Causes consequences and control. Reading MA: Addison--Wesley.  Mobley W.H. (1982) Employee turnover: Causes consequences and control. Reading MA: Addison--Wesley."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_66_1","first-page":"200","volume-title":"February","author":"Morrison A.M."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/1078\/43188.16.2.19990301\/31172.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249452"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_69_1","first-page":"19","volume-title":"National Seminar on Science and Technology Policy: S &amp","author":"Nkoma J.S.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_70_1","volume-title":"Nunnally, J.C.; Psychometric Theory","year":"1967","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oudhof K. (2001) The GDI as a measurement instrument on gender aspects of development in the ECE-region Statistics journal of the UN Economic Commission for Europe. Vol. 18 Issue 1 pp1--26.  Oudhof K. (2001) The GDI as a measurement instrument on gender aspects of development in the ECE-region Statistics journal of the UN Economic Commission for Europe. Vol. 18 Issue 1 pp1--26.","DOI":"10.3233\/SJU-2001-18101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/209405"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1312019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0958519032000080839"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_75_1","first-page":"90","volume-title":"Auditing, Spring","volume":"9","author":"Rasch R.H.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_76_1","unstructured":"Robson W. (1994) Strategic Management and Information Systems; Pitman Publishing Great Britain.  Robson W. (1994) Strategic Management and Information Systems; Pitman Publishing Great Britain."},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_1_77_1","first-page":"80","article-title":"Career Anchors Revisited: Implications for Career Development in the 21st Century","volume":"10","author":"Schein E.H.","year":"1996","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Executives"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_78_1","unstructured":"Schein E.H. (1978). Career dynamics: Matching individual and organizational needs. Addison-Wesley Reading MA.  Schein E.H. (1978). Career dynamics: Matching individual and organizational needs. Addison-Wesley Reading MA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_79_1","unstructured":"Schein E.H. (1985) Career Anchors: Discovering Your Real Values San Diego CA: University Associates.  Schein E.H. (1985) Career Anchors: Discovering Your Real Values San Diego CA: University Associates."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_80_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Organizational Behavior","author":"Schein E.H.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_81_1","unstructured":"Schein E.H. (1990) Career Anchors: Discovering Your Real Values Pfeiffer & Company San Diego CA.  Schein E.H. (1990) Career Anchors: Discovering Your Real Values Pfeiffer & Company San Diego CA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_82_1","first-page":"130","volume-title":"HR Magazine, June","volume":"43","author":"Sears D.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713677989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_84_1","unstructured":"Sibley K. (1998) Severe IT skills shortage puts Canada at risk Computing Canada; 03\/16\/98 Vol. 24 Issue 10 p33.  Sibley K. (1998) Severe IT skills shortage puts Canada at risk Computing Canada; 03\/16\/98 Vol. 24 Issue 10 p33."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1813-6982.2003.tb00082.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/02621710410558440"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/800030.800624"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_88_1","unstructured":"Teach E. (2000) Techwatch CFO Vol. 16 Issue 2 pp25--7.  Teach E. (2000) Techwatch CFO Vol. 16 Issue 2 pp25--7."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_89_1","volume-title":"Business Africa. Retrieved","author":"The Economist Intelligence Unit","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_90_1","unstructured":"U. S. Department of Commerce (2000) National Trade Data Bank November 3 2000.  U. S. Department of Commerce (2000) National Trade Data Bank November 3 2000."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_91_1","volume-title":"Annual Report 1996 Entry (London, Universities and Colleges Admissions Service {UCAS}).","author":"Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS)","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/sajhe.v19i3.25508"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_93_1","unstructured":"Webber A.M. (1985) Danger: \"Toxic Company\" Fast Company (November 1998) p154.  Webber A.M. (1985) Danger: \"Toxic Company\" Fast Company (November 1998) p154."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001979399104400304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_95_1","unstructured":"WITF {World Information Technology Forum} (2005) The status of Information and Communication Technology in Botswana ICT in Botswana downloaded on January 18 2007 from http:\/\/www.witfor.co.bw  WITF {World Information Technology Forum} (2005) The status of Information and Communication Technology in Botswana ICT in Botswana downloaded on January 18 2007 from http:\/\/www.witfor.co.bw"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_96_1","first-page":"133","volume-title":"October","author":"Woodruff C.K.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_97_1","volume-title":"Development Report","author":"World Bank","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13620439810207536"}],"event":{"name":"SIGMIS-CPR '09: 2009 Computer Personnel Research Conference","location":"Limerick Ireland","acronym":"SIGMIS-CPR '09","sponsor":["SIGMIS ACM Special Interest Group on Management Information Systems","ACM Association for Computing Machinery"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the special interest group on management information system's 47th annual conference on Computer personnel research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1542130.1542139","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1542130.1542139","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T13:29:58Z","timestamp":1750253398000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1542130.1542139"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,28]]},"references-count":98,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1542130.1542139","10.1145\/1542130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1542130.1542139","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-05-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}