{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:05:53Z","timestamp":1761512753804,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2009CB320801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009CB320801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["60825201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["60825201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A variety of animation effects such as herds and fluids contain detailed motion fields characterized by repetitive structures. Such detailed motion fields are often visually important, but tedious to specify manually or expensive to simulate computationally. Due to the repetitive nature, some of these motion fields (e.g. turbulence in fluids) could be synthesized by procedural texturing, but procedural texturing is known for its limited generality.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>We apply example-based texture synthesis for motion fields. Our technique is general and can take on a variety of user inputs, including captured data, manual art, and physical\/procedural simulation. This data-driven approach enables artistic effects that are difficult to achieve via previous methods, such as heart shaped swirls in fluid animation. Due to the use of texture synthesis, our method is able to populate a large output field from a small input exemplar, imposing minimum user workload. Our algorithm also allows the synthesis of output motion fields not only with the same dimension as the input (e.g. 2D to 2D) but also of higher dimension, such as 3D volumetric outputs from 2D planar inputs. This cross-dimension capability supports a convenient usage scenario, i.e. the user could simply supply 2D images and our method produces a 3D motion field with similar characteristics. The motion fields produced by our method are generic, and could be combined with a variety of large-scale low-resolution motions that are easy to specify either manually or computationally but lack the repetitive structures to be characterized as textures. We apply our technique to a variety of animation phenomena, including smoke, liquid, and group motion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1618452.1618456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,8]],"date-time":"2009-12-08T20:53:14Z","timestamp":1260305594000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Motion field texture synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Chongyang","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University and Microsoft Research Asia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Yi","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baining","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research Asia and Tsinghua University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/364338.364405"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1218064.1218111"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186562.1015729"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1281500.1281681"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276435"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/166117.166151"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186822.1073273"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2008.01254.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/383259.383296"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186562.1015743"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/383259.383260"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","unstructured":"Fidaner I. B. 2008. A survey on variational image inpainting texture synthesis and image completion. http:\/\/www.scribd.com\/doc\/3012627\/.  Fidaner I. B. 2008. A survey on variational image inpainting texture synthesis and image completion. http:\/\/www.scribd.com\/doc\/3012627\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276447"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-006-0078-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1399504.1360647"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1399504.1360649"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276380"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186822.1073263"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2007.1044"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-89220-5_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/566570.566604"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/501786.501787"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186562.1015731"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1507149.1507165"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186562.1015744"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2383847.2383893"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1457515.1409119"},{"volume-title":"Eurographics '09","author":"Okabe M.","key":"e_1_2_2_28_1","unstructured":"Okabe , M. , Anjyo , K. , Igarashi , T. , and Seidel , H . -P. 2009. Animating pictures of fluid using video examples . In Eurographics '09 , 677--686. Okabe, M., Anjyo, K., Igarashi, T., and Seidel, H.-P. 2009. Animating pictures of fluid using video examples. In Eurographics '09, 677--686."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276446"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/566570.566608"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/37401.37406"},{"volume-title":"SCA '08","author":"Schechter H.","key":"e_1_2_2_32_1","unstructured":"Schechter , H. , and Bridson , R . 2008. Evolving sub-grid turbulence for smoke animation . In SCA '08 , 1--7. Schechter, H., and Bridson, R. 2008. Evolving sub-grid turbulence for smoke animation. In SCA '08, 1--7."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/311535.311548"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/566570.566634"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1201775.882290"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1179352.1142008"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/383259.383297"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1342250.1342272"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1507149.1507164"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1576246.1531362"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/383259.383298"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_42_1","unstructured":"Wei L.-Y. Lefebvre S. Kwatra V. and Turk G. 2009. State of the art in example-based texture synthesis. In EG STAR 93--117.  Wei L.-Y. Lefebvre S. Kwatra V. and Turk G. 2009. State of the art in example-based texture synthesis. In EG STAR 93--117."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276501"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1618452.1618456","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1618452.1618456","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T12:18:06Z","timestamp":1750249086000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1618452.1618456"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1618452.1618456"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1618452.1618456","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0730-0301"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1557-7368"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-12-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}