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The 6D SVBRDF is represented with a general microfacet model and spherical lobes fit to its 4D spatially-varying normal distribution function (SVNDF). A sum of spherical Gaussians (SGs) provides an accurate approximation with a small number of lobes. Parametric BRDFs are fit on-the-fly using simple analytic expressions; measured BRDFs are fit as a preprocess using nonlinear optimization. Our BRDF representation is compact, allows detailed textures, is closed under products and rotations, and supports reflectance of arbitrarily high specularity. At run-time, SGs representing the NDF are warped to align the half-angle vector to the lighting direction and multiplied by the microfacet shadowing and Fresnel factors. This yields the relevant 2D view slice on-the-fly at each pixel, still represented in the SG basis. We account for macro-scale shadowing using a new, nonlinear visibility representation based on spherical signed distance functions (SSDFs). SSDFs allow per-pixel interpolation of high-frequency visibility without ghosting and can be multiplied by the BRDF and lighting efficiently on the GPU.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1618452.1618479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,8]],"date-time":"2009-12-08T20:53:14Z","timestamp":1260305594000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["All-frequency rendering of dynamic, spatially-varying reflectance"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Jiaping","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research Asia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiran","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University and Microsoft Research Asia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minmin","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research Asia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baining","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research Asia and Tsinghua University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/192161.192179"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10867651.2000.10487522"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/344779.344814"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141979"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1356682.1356686"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/563858.563893"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1409060.1409081"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/800224.806819"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1111411.1111413"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2007.01072.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276412"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop on Rendering Techniques","author":"Kautz J.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kautz , J. , V\u00e1zquez , P.-P. , Heidrich , W. , and Seidel , H . -P. 2000. 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