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The source image is analyzed, and its local frequency content is detected. The main component of the frequency content (main frequency, orientation and contrast) serve as lookup table indices to a pre-calculated database of modifications to a standard error diffusion. The modifications comprise threshold modulation and variation of error-diffusion coefficients. The whole system is calibrated in such a way that the produced halftone images are visually close to the original images (patches of constant intensity, patches containing sinusoidal waves of different frequencies\/orientations\/contrasts, as well as natural images of different origins). Our system produces images of visual quality comparable to that presented in [Pang et al. 2008], but much faster. When processing typical images of linear size of several hundreds of pixels, our error-diffusion system is two to three orders of magnitude faster than [Pang et al. 2008]. Thanks to its speed combined with high visual quality, our error-diffusion algorithm can be used in many practical applications which may require digital halftoning: printing, visualization, geometry processing, various sampling techniques, etc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1618452.1618508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,8]],"date-time":"2009-12-08T20:53:14Z","timestamp":1260305594000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Structure-aware error diffusion"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Jianghao","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beno\u00eet","family":"Alain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Ostromoukhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al and Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, CNRS"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"Model based halftoning using direct binary search","volume":"1666","author":"Analoui M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Analoui , M. , and Allebach , J. 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