{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T19:22:13Z","timestamp":1771701733633,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000144","name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCF-0621487CNS-0509474"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCF-0621487CNS-0509474"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000144","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000143","name":"Division of Computing and Communication Foundations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCF-0621487CNS-0509474"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCF-0621487CNS-0509474"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000143","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Storage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The performance of file systems and related software depends on characteristics of the underlying file-system image (i.e., file-system metadata and file contents). Unfortunately, rather than benchmarking with realistic file-system images, most system designers and evaluators rely on\n            <jats:italic>ad hoc<\/jats:italic>\n            assumptions and (often inaccurate) rules of thumb. Furthermore, the lack of standardization and reproducibility makes file-system benchmarking ineffective. To remedy these problems, we develop Impressions, a framework to generate statistically accurate file-system images with realistic metadata and content. Impressions is flexible, supporting user-specified constraints on various file-system parameters using a number of statistical techniques to generate consistent images. In this article, we present the design, implementation, and evaluation of Impressions and demonstrate its utility using desktop search as a case study. We believe Impressions will prove to be useful to system developers and users alike.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1629080.1629086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,8]],"date-time":"2009-12-08T20:53:14Z","timestamp":1260305594000},"page":"1-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Generating realistic\n            <i>impressions<\/i>\n            for file-system benchmarking"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Nitin","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea C.","family":"Arpaci-Dusseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Remzi H.","family":"Arpaci-Dusseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th USENIX Symposium on File and Storage Technologies (FAST'07)","author":"Agrawal N.","unstructured":"Agrawal , N. , Bolosky , W. 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