{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:52:28Z","timestamp":1750308748926,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We propose a new paradigm for building scalable distributed systems. Our approach does not require dealing with message-passing protocols, a major complication in existing distributed systems. Instead, developers just design and manipulate data structures within our service called Sinfonia. Sinfonia keeps data for applications on a set of memory nodes, each exporting a linear address space. At the core of Sinfonia is a new minitransaction primitive that enables efficient and consistent access to data, while hiding the complexities that arise from concurrency and failures. Using Sinfonia, we implemented two very different and complex applications in a few months: a cluster file system and a group communication service. Our implementations perform well and scale to hundreds of machines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1629087.1629088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,24]],"date-time":"2009-11-24T15:21:01Z","timestamp":1259076061000},"page":"1-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Sinfonia"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Marcos K.","family":"Aguilera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research Silicon Valley, Mountain View, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arif","family":"Merchant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehul","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"Veitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Karamanolis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VMware, Palo Alto, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/1453856.1453922"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Amir Y. and Stanton J. 1998. The Spread wide area group communication system. Tech. rep. CNDS-98-4 The Johns Hopkins University.  Amir Y. and Stanton J. 1998. The Spread wide area group communication system. Tech. rep. CNDS-98-4 The Johns Hopkins University."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2.485843"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/41457.37515"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Budhiraja N. Marzullo K. Schneider F. B. and Toueg S. 1993. The primary-backup approach. In Distributed Systems S. J. Mullender Ed. Addison-Wesley Chapter 8.   Budhiraja N. Marzullo K. Schneider F. B. and Toueg S. 1993. The primary-backup approach. In Distributed Systems S. J. Mullender Ed. Addison-Wesley Chapter 8."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1298455.1298487"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/121132.121159"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/226643.226647"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 205--218","author":"Chang F.","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Chang , F. , Dean , J. , Ghemawat , S. , Hsieh , W. C. , Wallach , D. A. , Burrows , M. , Chandra , T. , Fikes , A. , and Gruber , R. E . 2006. BigTable: A distributed storage system for structured data . In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 205--218 . Chang, F., Dean, J., Ghemawat, S., Hsieh, W. C., Wallach, D. A., Burrows, M., Chandra, T., Fikes, A., and Gruber, R. E. 2006. BigTable: A distributed storage system for structured data. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 205--218."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Mime: A high performance storage device with strong recovery guarantees. Tech. rep. HPL-CSP-92-9, HP Laboratories.","author":"Chao C.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Chao , C. , English , R. , Jacobson , D. , Stepanov , A. , and Wilkes , J . 1992 . Mime: A high performance storage device with strong recovery guarantees. Tech. rep. HPL-CSP-92-9, HP Laboratories. Chao, C., English, R., Jacobson, D., Stepanov, A., and Wilkes, J. 1992. Mime: A high performance storage device with strong recovery guarantees. Tech. rep. HPL-CSP-92-9, HP Laboratories."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/503112.503113"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2.116849"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 137--150","author":"Dean J.","key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"Dean , J. and Ghemawat , S . 2004. MapReduce: Simplified data processing on large clusters . In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 137--150 . Dean, J. and Ghemawat, S. 2004. MapReduce: Simplified data processing on large clusters. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 137--150."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1041680.1041682"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WMCSA.1994.37"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Hypermedia and Grid Systems.","author":"Fakler M.","key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Fakler , M. , Frenz , S. , Goeckelmann , R. , Schoettner , M. , and Schulthess , P . 2005. Project Tetropolis\u2014Application of grid computing to interactive virtual 3D worlds . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Hypermedia and Grid Systems. Fakler, M., Frenz, S., Goeckelmann, R., Schoettner, M., and Schulthess, P. 2005. Project Tetropolis\u2014Application of grid computing to interactive virtual 3D worlds. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Hypermedia and Grid Systems."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/647441.726883"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/945445.945450"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1132863.1132867"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 319--332","author":"Gribble S. D.","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Gribble , S. D. , Brewer , E. A. , Hellerstein , J. M. , and Culler , D . 2000. Scalable, distributed data structures for Internet service construction . In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 319--332 . Gribble, S. D., Brewer, E. A., Hellerstein, J. M., and Culler, D. 2000. Scalable, distributed data structures for Internet service construction. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 319--332."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/949305.949340"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/872035.872048"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/165123.165164"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Data Engineering Conference. 456--465","author":"Hsiao H.-I.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hsiao , H.-I. and DeWitt , D. 1990 . Chained declustering: A new availability strategy for multi-processor database machines . In Proceedings of the International Data Engineering Conference. 456--465 . Hsiao, H.-I. and DeWitt, D. 1990. Chained declustering: A new availability strategy for multi-processor database machines. In Proceedings of the International Data Engineering Conference. 456--465."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/356989.357007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/279227.279229"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel Processing. 94--101","author":"Li K.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Li , K. 1988 . IVY: A shared virtual memory system for parallel computing . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel Processing. 94--101 . Li, K. 1988. IVY: A shared virtual memory system for parallel computing. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel Processing. 94--101."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/42392.42399"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming. 230--257","author":"Liskov B.","key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"Liskov , B. , Castro , M. , Shrira , L. , and Adya , A . 1999. Providing persistent objects in distributed systems . In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming. 230--257 . Liskov, B., Castro, M., Shrira, L., and Adya, A. 1999. Providing persistent objects in distributed systems. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming. 230--257."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 105--120","author":"MacCormick J.","key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","unstructured":"MacCormick , J. , Murphy , N. , Najork , M. , Thekkath , C. A. , and Zhou , L . 2004. Boxwood: Abstractions as the foundation for storage infrastructure . In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 105--120 . MacCormick, J., Murphy, N., Najork, M., Thekkath, C. A., and Zhou, L. 2004. Boxwood: Abstractions as the foundation for storage infrastructure. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 105--120."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","first-page":"206a","article-title":"Fast and flexible persistence: The magic potion for fault-tolerance, scalability and performance in online data stores","volume":"11","author":"Mehra P.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mehra , P. and Fineberg , S. 2004 . Fast and flexible persistence: The magic potion for fault-tolerance, scalability and performance in online data stores . In Proceedings of the International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium - Workshop 11. 206a . Mehra, P. and Fineberg, S. 2004. Fast and flexible persistence: The magic potion for fault-tolerance, scalability and performance in online data stores. In Proceedings of the International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium - Workshop 11. 206a.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium - Workshop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the USENIX Winter Conference. 205--218","author":"Olson M. A.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Olson , M. A. 1993 . The design and implementation of the Inversion File System . In Proceedings of the USENIX Winter Conference. 205--218 . Olson, M. A. 1993. The design and implementation of the Inversion File System. In Proceedings of the USENIX Winter Conference. 205--218."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"RDMA Consortium. http:\/\/www.rdmaconsortium.org.  RDMA Consortium. http:\/\/www.rdmaconsortium.org."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies. 1--14","author":"Rhea S.","key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Rhea , S. , Eaton , P. , Geels , D. , Weatherspoon , H. , Zhao , B. , and Kubiatowicz , J . 2003. Pond: The OceanStore prototype . In Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies. 1--14 . Rhea, S., Eaton, P., Geels, D., Weatherspoon, H., Zhao, B., and Kubiatowicz, J. 2003. Pond: The OceanStore prototype. In Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies. 1--14."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/12.54838"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/174613.174615"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2006.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/121132.121171"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 29--44","author":"Sears R.","key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","unstructured":"Sears , R. and Brewer , E . 2006. Stasis: Flexible transactional storage . In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 29--44 . Sears, R. and Brewer, E. 2006. Stasis: Flexible transactional storage. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. 29--44."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/224964.224987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1983.236608"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Camelot: A flexible and efficient distributed transaction processing facility for Mach and the Internet\u2014An status report. Res. paper CMU-CS-87-129, Computer Science Department","author":"Spector A. Z.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Spector , A. Z. , Thompson , D. , Pausch , R. F. , Eppinger , J. L. , Duchamp , D. , Draves , R. , Daniels , D. S. , and Bloch , J. J . 1987 . Camelot: A flexible and efficient distributed transaction processing facility for Mach and the Internet\u2014An status report. Res. paper CMU-CS-87-129, Computer Science Department , Carnegie Mellon University . Spector, A. Z., Thompson, D., Pausch, R. F., Eppinger, J. L., Duchamp, D., Draves, R., Daniels, D. S., and Bloch, J. J. 1987. Camelot: A flexible and efficient distributed transaction processing facility for Mach and the Internet\u2014An status report. Res. paper CMU-CS-87-129, Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University."}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Computer Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1629087.1629088","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1629087.1629088","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T20:22:19Z","timestamp":1750278139000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1629087.1629088"}},"subtitle":["A new paradigm for building scalable distributed systems"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1629087.1629088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1629087.1629088","relation":{},"ISSN":["0734-2071","1557-7333"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0734-2071"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1557-7333"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-12-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-04-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-11-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}