{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T18:17:04Z","timestamp":1758824224672,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]],"date-time":"2009-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1260835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article presents a new dimensionally-reduced linear image space that allows a number of recent image manipulation techniques to be performed efficiently and robustly. The basis vectors spanning this space are constructed from a scale-adaptive image decomposition, based on kernels of the bilateral filter. Each of these vectors locally binds together pixels in smooth regions and leaves pixels across edges independent. Despite the drastic reduction in the number of degrees of freedom, this representation can be used to perform a number of recent gradient-based tonemapping techniques. In addition to reducing computation time, this space can prevent the bleeding artifacts which are common to Poisson-based integration methods. In addition, we show that this reduced representation is useful for energy-minimization methods in achieving efficient processing and providing better matrix conditioning at a minimal quality sacrifice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1640443.1640449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]],"date-time":"2009-12-15T12:55:54Z","timestamp":1260881754000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Edge-based image coarsening"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Raanan","family":"Fattal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maneesh","family":"Agrawala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015706.1015718"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141935"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.969114"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOM.1983.1095851"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276506"},{"volume-title":"Matrix Preconditioning Techniques and Applications. Number 19","author":"Chen K.","key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Chen , K. 2005. Matrix Preconditioning Techniques and Applications. Number 19 . Cambridge University Press . Chen, K. 2005. Matrix Preconditioning Techniques and Applications. Number 19. Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/566654.566574"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'99)","author":"Efros A. A.","key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Efros , A. A. and Leung , T. K . 1999. Texture synthesis by non-parametric sampling . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'99) . 1033--1038. Efros, A. A. and Leung, T. K. 1999. Texture synthesis by non-parametric sampling. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'99). 1033--1038."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015706.1015778"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276441"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/566654.566573"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV'02)","author":"Finlayson G. D.","key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Finlayson , G. D. , Hordley , S. D. , Drew , M. S. , and Tj , E. N . 2002. Removing shadows from images . In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV'02) . 823--836. Finlayson, G. D., Hordley, S. D., Drew, M. S., and Tj, E. N. 2002. Removing shadows from images. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV'02). 823--836."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2006.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP'05)","volume":"2","author":"Grady L.","unstructured":"Grady , L. , Tasdizen , T. , and Whitaker , R. T . 2005. A geometric multigrid approach to solving the 2d inhomogeneous laplace equation with internal dirichlet boundary conditions . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP'05) . Vol. 2 . 642--645. Grady, L., Tasdizen, T., and Whitaker, R. T. 2005. A geometric multigrid approach to solving the 2d inhomogeneous laplace equation with internal dirichlet boundary conditions. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP'05). Vol. 2. 642--645."},{"volume-title":"Iterative Solution of Large Sparse Systems of Equations","author":"Hackbusch W.","key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Hackbusch , W. 1994. Iterative Solution of Large Sparse Systems of Equations . Springer-Verlag , Berlin . Hackbusch, W. 1994. Iterative Solution of Large Sparse Systems of Equations. Springer-Verlag, Berlin."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276497"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276464"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015706.1015780"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2006.18"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'07)","author":"Levin A.","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Levin , A. , Rav-Acha , A. , and Lischinski , D . 2007b. Spectral matting . In Proceedings of the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'07) . 1--8. Levin, A., Rav-Acha, A., and Lischinski, D. 2007b. Spectral matting. In Proceedings of the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'07). 1--8."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV'04)","author":"Levin A.","key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"Levin , A. , Zomat , A. , Peleg , S. , and Weiss , Y . 2004b. Seamless image stitching in the gradient domain . In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV'04) . Levin, A., Zomat, A., Peleg, S., and Weiss, Y. 2004b. Seamless image stitching in the gradient domain. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV'04)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015706.1015719"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141936"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.192463"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/882262.882269"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015706.1015777"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(92)90242-F"},{"volume-title":"Iterative Methods for Sparse Linear Systems","author":"Saad Y.","key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"Saad , Y. 2003. Iterative Methods for Sparse Linear Systems . Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics . Saad, Y. 2003. Iterative Methods for Sparse Linear Systems. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"Skalicky T. 1995. Package for solving large sparse systems of linear equations. http:\/\/www.mgnet.org\/mgnet\/Codes\/laspack\/html\/laspack.html.  Skalicky T. 1995. Package for solving large sparse systems of linear equations. http:\/\/www.mgnet.org\/mgnet\/Codes\/laspack\/html\/laspack.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Linear Algebra","author":"Strang G.","unstructured":"Strang , G. 2003. Introduction to Linear Algebra , 3 rd ed. Wellesley , Cambridge, MA . Strang, G. 2003. Introduction to Linear Algebra, 3rd ed. Wellesley, Cambridge, MA.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015706.1015721"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1142005"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Statistical and Computational Theories of Vision.","author":"Tappen M. F.","key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"Tappen , M. F. , Russell , B. C. , and Freeman , W. T . 2001. Exploiting the sparse derivative prior for super-resolution and image demosaicing . Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Statistical and Computational Theories of Vision. Tappen, M. F., Russell, B. C., and Freeman, W. T. 2001. Exploiting the sparse derivative prior for super-resolution and image demosaicing. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Statistical and Computational Theories of Vision."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'98)","author":"Tomasi C.","key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Tomasi , C. and Manduchi , R . 1998. Bilateral filtering for gray and color images . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'98) . IEEE Computer Society, 839. Tomasi, C. and Manduchi, R. 1998. Bilateral filtering for gray and color images. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'98). IEEE Computer Society, 839."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/311535.311544"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA'06)","author":"Xu L.","key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","unstructured":"Xu , L. , Qi , F. , and Jiang , R . 2006. Shadow removal from a single image . In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA'06) . IEEE Computer Society, 1049--1054. Xu, L., Qi, F., and Jiang, R. 2006. Shadow removal from a single image. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA'06). IEEE Computer Society, 1049--1054."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","unstructured":"Zienkiewicz O. and Taylor R. 2000. The Finite Element Method. Butterworth-Heinemann.  Zienkiewicz O. and Taylor R. 2000. The Finite Element Method. Butterworth-Heinemann."}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1640443.1640449","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1640443.1640449","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T12:23:26Z","timestamp":1750249406000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1640443.1640449"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1640443.1640449"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1640443.1640449","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0730-0301"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1557-7368"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-10-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-08-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-12-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}