{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T05:37:00Z","timestamp":1775281020957,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Appl. Percept."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous work in real and virtual settings has shown that the way in which we interact with objects plays a fundamental role in the way we perceive them. This article uses multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis to further characterize and quantify the effects of using different haptic exploratory procedures (EPs) on perceptual similarity spaces. In Experiment 1, 20 participants rated similarity on a set of nine novel, 3D objects varying in shape and texture after either following their contours, laterally rubbing their centers, gripping them, or sequentially touching their tips. MDS analysis was used to recover perceptual maps of the objects and relative weights of perceptual dimensions from similarity data. Both the maps and relative weights of shape\/texture properties were found to vary as a function of the EP used. In addition, large individual differences in the relative weight of shape\/texture were observed. In Experiment 2, 17 of the previous participants repeated Experiment 1 after an average of 105 days. The same patterns of raw similarity ratings, perceptual maps, dimension weights, and individual differences were observed, indicating that perceptual similarities remained stable over time. The findings underscore the role of hand movements and individual biases in shaping haptic perceptual similarity. A framework for validating multimodal virtual displays based on the approach used in the study is also presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1658349.1658356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,12]],"date-time":"2010-01-12T20:23:07Z","timestamp":1263327787000},"page":"1-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Multidimensional scaling analysis of haptic exploratory procedures"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Theresa","family":"Cooke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Wallraven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heinrich H.","family":"B\u00fclthoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99002149"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2005.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.94.2.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Borg I. and Groenen P. 2005. Modern Multidimensional Scaling 2nd Ed. Springer Berlin.  Borg I. and Groenen P. 2005. Modern Multidimensional Scaling 2nd Ed. Springer Berlin."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.1.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02310791"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cox T. and Cox M. 2001. Multidimensional Scaling 2nd Ed. Chapman & Hall Oxford UK.  Cox T. and Cox M. 2001. Multidimensional Scaling 2nd Ed. Chapman & Hall Oxford UK.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780367801700"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-005-2262-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Representation and Recognition in Vision","author":"Edelman S.","unstructured":"Edelman , S. 1999. Representation and Recognition in Vision . MIT Press , Cambridge, MA . Edelman, S. 1999. Representation and Recognition in Vision. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2004.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03202671"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Houghton Mifflin","author":"Gibson J.","unstructured":"Gibson , J. 1979. The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Houghton Mifflin , Boston . Gibson, J. 1979. The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Houghton Mifflin, Boston."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Goldstone R. and Son J. 2005. The Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning. Cambridge University Press Cambridge UK 13--36.  Goldstone R. and Son J. 2005. The Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning. Cambridge University Press Cambridge UK 13--36."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03211795"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Jansson G. and Monaci L. 2004. Touch Blindness and Neuroscience. UNED Press Madrid 209--219.  Jansson G. and Monaci L. 2004. Touch Blindness and Neuroscience. UNED Press Madrid 209--219."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"The World of Touch","author":"Katz D.","unstructured":"Katz , D. 1925\/1989. The World of Touch . LEA , Hillsdale, NJ . Katz, D. 1925\/1989. The World of Touch. LEA, Hillsdale, NJ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Psychology","volume":"4","author":"Klatzky R.","unstructured":"Klatzky , R. and Lederman , S . 2003. Experimental psychology . In Handbook of Psychology , vol. 4 . Healy, A. F., Proctor, R. W., and Weiner, I. B. Eds., Wiley, New York, 147--176. Klatzky, R. and Lederman, S. 2003. Experimental psychology. In Handbook of Psychology, vol. 4. Healy, A. F., Proctor, R. W., and Weiner, I. B. Eds., Wiley, New York, 147--176."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.116.4.356"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206904"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(87)90008-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Extracting object properties through haptic exploration. Acta","volume":"84","author":"Lederman S.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lederman , S. and Klatzky , R. 1993 . Extracting object properties through haptic exploration. Acta . Psychol. 84 , 29 -- 40 . Lederman, S. and Klatzky, R. 1993. Extracting object properties through haptic exploration. Acta. Psychol. 84, 29--40.","journal-title":"Psychol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p250983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of EUROHAPTICS. IEEE","author":"Leskovsky P.","unstructured":"Leskovsky , P. , Cooke , T. , Ernst , M. , and Harders , M . 2006. Using multidimensional scaling to quantify the fidelity of haptic rendering of deformable objects . In Proceedings of EUROHAPTICS. IEEE , Los Alamitos, CA. Leskovsky, P., Cooke, T., Ernst, M., and Harders, M. 2006. Using multidimensional scaling to quantify the fidelity of haptic rendering of deformable objects. In Proceedings of EUROHAPTICS. IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.00307"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Action in Perception","author":"No\u00eb A.","unstructured":"No\u00eb , A. 2006. Action in Perception . MIT Press , Boston . No\u00eb, A. 2006. Action in Perception. MIT Press, Boston."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.43.020192.000325"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X01000115"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206903"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p3176"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.6.3295"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(75)90024-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(73)90018-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00378.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","series-title":"Wenner-Gren International Symposium Series","volume-title":"Encoding of Shape in the Responses of Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors","author":"Srinivasan M.","unstructured":"Srinivasan , M. and LaMotte , R. 1991. Encoding of Shape in the Responses of Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors . Wenner-Gren International Symposium Series . MacMillan Press , Chapter 5, 59--61. Srinivasan, M. and LaMotte, R. 1991. Encoding of Shape in the Responses of Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors. Wenner-Gren International Symposium Series. MacMillan Press, Chapter 5, 59--61."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"500","article-title":"Motor and sensory effects of haptic experiences in implicit and explicit memory tests","volume":"41","author":"Wippich W.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wippich , W. , Mecklenbrauker , S. , and Norbert-Wurm , J. 1994 . Motor and sensory effects of haptic experiences in implicit and explicit memory tests . Z. Exp. Angew. Psychol. 41 , 3, 500 -- 522 . Wippich, W., Mecklenbrauker, S., and Norbert-Wurm, J. 1994. Motor and sensory effects of haptic experiences in implicit and explicit memory tests. Z. Exp. Angew. Psychol. 41, 3, 500--522.","journal-title":"Z. Exp. Angew. Psychol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"100","article-title":"ALSCAL. In SPSS 12.0 Command Syntax Reference. SPSS","author":"Young F.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Young , F. and Harris , D. 2003 . ALSCAL. In SPSS 12.0 Command Syntax Reference. SPSS , Chicago , IL , 100 -- 116 . Young, F. and Harris, D. 2003. ALSCAL. In SPSS 12.0 Command Syntax Reference. SPSS, Chicago, IL, 100--116.","journal-title":"Chicago"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Applied Perception"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1658349.1658356","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1658349.1658356","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T20:25:56Z","timestamp":1750278356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1658349.1658356"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1658349.1658356"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1658349.1658356","relation":{},"ISSN":["1544-3558","1544-3965"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1544-3558","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-3965","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-09-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-02-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-01-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}