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Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            This article introduces a new approach for matting and compositing transparent and refractive objects in photographs. The key to our work is an image-based matting model, termed the\n            <jats:italic>Attenuation-Refraction Matte<\/jats:italic>\n            (ARM), that encodes plausible refractive properties of a transparent object along with its observed specularities and transmissive properties. We show that an object's ARM can be extracted directly from a photograph using simple user markup. Once extracted, the ARM is used to paste the object onto a new background with a variety of effects, including compound compositing, Fresnel effect, scene depth, and even caustic shadows. User studies find our results favorable to those obtained with Photoshop as well as perceptually valid in most cases. Our approach allows photo editing of transparent and refractive objects in a manner that produces realistic effects previously only possible via 3D models or environment matting.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1899404.1899406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,25]],"date-time":"2011-01-25T19:12:52Z","timestamp":1295982772000},"page":"1-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Matting and compositing of transparent and refractive objects"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Sai-Kit","family":"Yeung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles"}]},{"given":"Chi-Keung","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore, Singapore"}]},{"given":"Sing Bing","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research Redmond, Redmond"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,2]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision ECCV (2). 483--494","author":"Agarwal S.","key":"e_1_2_2_1_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben Ezra M. and Nayar S. 2003. What does motion reveal about transparency&quest; In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'03). 1025--1032.   Ben Ezra M. and Nayar S. 2003. What does motion reveal about transparency&quest; In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'03). 1025--1032.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2003.1238462"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.24792"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/882262.882298"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/344779.344844"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","volume-title":"Computer Graphics: Principles and Practices","author":"Foley J. D.","year":"1995","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1409060.1409073"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","unstructured":"Hecht E. 1987. Optics 2nd Ed. Addison Wesley.  Hecht E. 1987. Optics 2nd Ed. 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Hanover MA.","DOI":"10.1561\/9781601981356"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the EuroGraphics Workshop on Rendering. 289--299","author":"Wexler Y.","key":"e_1_2_2_22_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1243980.1243982"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/311535.311558"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1899404.1899406","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1899404.1899406","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T10:59:46Z","timestamp":1750244386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1899404.1899406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1899404.1899406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1899404.1899406","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0730-0301"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1557-7368"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-01-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-10-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-02-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}