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Existing testing techniques, such as simulation or running smaller instances of a service, have limitations in predicting overall service behavior at such scales.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            Testing large services should ideally be done at the same scale and configuration as the target deployment, which can be technically and economically infeasible. We present\n            <jats:sc>DieCast<\/jats:sc>\n            , an approach to scaling network services in which we multiplex all of the nodes in a given service configuration as virtual machines across a much smaller number of physical machines in a test harness. We show how to accurately scale CPU, network, and disk to provide the illusion that each VM matches a machine in the original service in terms of both available computing resources and communication behavior. We present the architecture and evaluation of a system we built to support such experimentation and discuss its limitations. We show that for a variety of services---including a commercial high-performance cluster-based file system---and resource utilization levels,\n            <jats:sc>DieCast<\/jats:sc>\n            matches the behavior of the original service while using a fraction of the physical resources.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/1963559.1963560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,17]],"date-time":"2011-05-17T12:59:03Z","timestamp":1305637143000},"page":"1-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["DieCast"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Diwaker","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maginatics, Inc."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kashi Venkatesh","family":"Vishwanath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marvin","family":"McNett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Vahdat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Diego"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Yocum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Diego"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Snoeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Diego"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey M.","family":"Voelker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Diego"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/945445.945454"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/945445.945462"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation. 259--272","author":"Barham P. 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