{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:28:27Z","timestamp":1750307307514,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":24,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]],"date-time":"2011-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979079","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,9]],"date-time":"2011-05-09T12:48:29Z","timestamp":1304945309000},"page":"925-934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["How a freeform spatial interface supports simple problem solving tasks"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Eser","family":"Kandogan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, &amp; Massachusettes Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas P.","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Pedemonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1520340.1520612"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/344949.345015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1124772.1124965"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/642611.642666"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/968486.968487"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Manual for Kit of Factor-Referenced Cognitive Tests","author":"Ekstrom R. B.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Ekstrom , R. B. , French , J. W. , Harman , H. H. , and Derman D . ( 1976 ). Manual for Kit of Factor-Referenced Cognitive Tests . Princeton, NJ : Educational Testing Service . Ekstrom, R. B., French, J. W., Harman, H. H., and Derman D. (1976). Manual for Kit of Factor-Referenced Cognitive Tests. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1254960.1254987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1240624.1240666"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/503376.503437"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/5401.5405"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447310701702618"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(94)00017-U"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1804_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139108964853"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/357423.357430"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"Mandler J. M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mandler , J. M. , Seefmiller , D. , Day , J. On the coding of spatial information. Memory &amp;#38; Cognition 5 , 1 ( 1997 ), 10--16. Mandler, J. M., Seefmiller, D., Day, J. On the coding of spatial information. Memory &amp;#38; Cognition 5, 1 (1997), 10--16.","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1120212.1120384"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/288392.288600"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","first-page":"4","volume":"13","author":"Naveh-Benjamin M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Naveh-Benjamin , M. Coding of Spatial Location Information: An Automatic Process? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory , and Cognition 13 , 4 ( 1987 ), 595--605. Naveh-Benjamin, M. Coding of Spatial Location Information: An Automatic Process? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 13, 4 (1987), 595--605.","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Contract No. NOOO14-85-C-0133","author":"Norman D.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Norman , D. , &amp;#38; Hutchins , E. Computation via direct manipulation. Final Report to Office of Naval Research , Contract No. NOOO14-85-C-0133 . University of California , San Diego , 1988 . Norman, D., &amp;#38; Hutchins, E. Computation via direct manipulation. Final Report to Office of Naval Research, Contract No. NOOO14-85-C-0133. University of California, San Diego, 1988."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/288392.288596"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1254960.1254979"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","first-page":"2","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zhang , J. The Nature of External Representations in Problem Solving. Cognitive Science 21 , 2 ( 1997 ), 179--217. Zhang, J. The Nature of External Representations in Problem Solving. Cognitive Science 21, 2 (1997), 179--217.","journal-title":"J. The Nature of External Representations in Problem Solving. Cognitive Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1801_3"}],"event":{"name":"CHI '11: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"],"location":"Vancouver BC Canada","acronym":"CHI '11"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1978942.1979079","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/1978942.1979079","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T11:00:02Z","timestamp":1750244402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/1978942.1979079"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/1978942.1979079","10.1145\/1978942"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1978942.1979079","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-05-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}