{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:26:02Z","timestamp":1750307162837,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000143","name":"Division of Computing and Communication Foundations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCF-0702240CCF-0811691"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCF-0702240CCF-0811691"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000143","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001823","name":"Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MSMOO21620838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MSMOO21620838"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Managed languages such as Java and C# are increasingly being considered for hard real-time applications because of their productivity and software engineering advantages. Automatic memory management, or garbage collection, is a key enabler for robust, reusable libraries, yet remains a challenge for analysis and implementation of real-time execution environments. This article comprehensively compares leading approaches to hard real-time garbage collection. There are many design decisions involved in selecting a real-time garbage collection algorithm. For time-based garbage collectors on uniprocessors one must choose whether to use\n            <jats:italic>periodic<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>slack-based<\/jats:italic>\n            or\n            <jats:italic>hybrid<\/jats:italic>\n            scheduling. A significant impediment to valid experimental comparison of such choices is that commercial implementations use completely different proprietary infrastructures. We present Minuteman, a framework for experimenting with real-time collection algorithms in the context of a high-performance execution environment for real-time Java. We provide the first comparison of the approaches, both experimentally using realistic workloads, and analytically in terms of schedulability.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2003690.2003692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,30]],"date-time":"2011-08-30T13:30:18Z","timestamp":1314711018000},"page":"1-29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Scheduling real-time garbage collection on uniprocessors"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Tomas","family":"Kalibera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Pizlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University, West Lafayette"}]},{"given":"Antony L.","family":"Hosking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University, West Lafayette"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Vitek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University, West Lafayette"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1324969.1324974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1289927.1289967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1450058.1450092"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/780732.780744"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/604131.604155"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/359460.359470"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.v21:12"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1167473.1167488"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1167473.1167488"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISORC.2005.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bollella G. Gosling J. Brosgol B. Dibble P. Furr S. and Turnbull M. 2000. The Real-Time Specification for Java. Addison-Wesley.   Bollella G. Gosling J. Brosgol B. Dibble P. Furr S. and Turnbull M. 2000. The Real-Time Specification for Java. Addison-Wesley.","DOI":"10.1109\/2.846318"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/800055.802042"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.387477"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/949305.949330"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/378795.378823"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/359642.359655"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007993819750"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP). 101--125","author":"Frampton D.","key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Frampton , D. , Bacon , D. F. , Cheng , P. , and Grove , D . 2007. Generational real-time garbage collection . In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP). 101--125 . Frampton, D., Bacon, D. F., Cheng, P., and Grove, D. 2007. Generational real-time garbage collection. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP). 101--125."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1620405.1620426"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1254810.1254837"},{"volume-title":"The Art of Computer Systems Performance Analysis","author":"Jain R.","key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"Jain , R. 1991. The Art of Computer Systems Performance Analysis . John Wiley & Sons . Jain, R. 1991. The Art of Computer Systems Performance Analysis. John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/29.5.390"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.1669"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1620405.1620412"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RTSS.2009.40"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Eurospace Conference on Data Systems in Aerospace (DASIA).","author":"Kalibera T.","key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"Kalibera , T. , Prochazka , M. , Pizlo , F. , Decky , M. , Vitek , J. , and Zulianello , M . 2009c. Real-time Java in space: Potential benefits and open challenges . In Proceedings of the Eurospace Conference on Data Systems in Aerospace (DASIA). Kalibera, T., Prochazka, M., Pizlo, F., Decky, M., Vitek, J., and Zulianello, M. 2009c. Real-time Java in space: Potential benefits and open challenges. In Proceedings of the Eurospace Conference on Data Systems in Aerospace (DASIA)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0164-1212(01)00042-5"},{"volume-title":"Measuring Computer Performance: A Practitioner's Guide","author":"Lilja D. J.","key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","unstructured":"Lilja , D. J. 2000. Measuring Computer Performance: A Practitioner's Guide . Cambridge University Press . Lilja, D. J. 2000. Measuring Computer Performance: A Practitioner's Guide. 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R. 2006 . Joint garbage collection and hard real-time scheduling . J. Embed. Comput. 2 , 3 -- 4 , 313--326. van Assche, M., Goossens, J., and Devillers, R. R. 2006. Joint garbage collection and hard real-time scheduling. J. Embed. Comput. 2, 3--4, 313--326.","journal-title":"J. Embed. 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