{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:28:14Z","timestamp":1761611294144,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FP7-2007-2-224053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7-2007-2-224053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004965","name":"Sixth Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IST-004536-RUNES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IST-004536-RUNES"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004965","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Embed. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Group communication has proven a powerful paradigm for designing applications and services in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Given the tight interaction between WSNs and the physical world, a security infringement may translate into a safety infringement. Therefore, in order to fully exploit the group communication paradigm we need to secure it. Traditionally, this requirement has been formalized in terms of\n            <jats:italic>backward<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>forward security<\/jats:italic>\n            and fulfilled by means of\n            <jats:italic>rekeying<\/jats:italic>\n            . In WSNs, group rekeying becomes particularly a complex problem because communication takes place over an easily accessible wireless medium and because sensor nodes have severe limitations in terms of computing, storage, energy, and tamper-resistance capabilities for cost reasons.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            In this article we present a\n            <jats:italic>Lightweight Authenticated ReKeying<\/jats:italic>\n            (LARK) scheme for clustered WSNs. LARK guarantees backward and forward security, is scalable in terms of communication overhead, and efficient in terms of computing overhead for key authentiticy verification. LARK achieves security, efficiency, and scalability by exploiting two basic well-known mechanisms, namely\n            <jats:italic>key graph<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>key chain<\/jats:italic>\n            , and integrating them in an original way. LARK supports a general group model where groups can be hierachical and partially overlapping. In contrast to other WSN group rekeying schemes, LARK considers grouping a tool for designing and implementing applications and services rather than for network management. Consequently, LARK receives a group topology reflecting the application needs and manages rekeying at single-group level. In the article we describe LARK, formally argue that it meets the backward and forward security requirements, and, finally, evaluate its performance in terms of communication, computing, and storage overhead in limited-resources sensor nodes.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2043662.2043665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,30]],"date-time":"2011-11-30T13:58:46Z","timestamp":1322661526000},"page":"1-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["LARK"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Dini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ida M.","family":"Savino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2004.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Security Engineering: A Guide to Building Dependable Distributd Systems","author":"Anderson R. J.","year":"2008","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"A component-based approach to the design of networked control systems. Euro","volume":"13","author":"\u00c5rz\u00e9n K. H.","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Control"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/M-RA.2007.914925"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2009.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.790485"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2005.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Chipcon. 2004. CC2420 Datasheet. http:\/\/www.chipcon.com\/files\/CC2420_Data_Sheet_1_3.pdf. Chipcon . 2004. CC2420 Datasheet. http:\/\/www.chipcon.com\/files\/CC2420_Data_Sheet_1_3.pdf."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware (COMSWARE\u201907)","author":"Choudhary D.","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Cole E. 2009. Network Security Bible 2nd Ed. Wiley Publishing Inc. New York. Cole E. 2009. Network Security Bible 2nd Ed. Wiley Publishing Inc. New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coppersmith D.\n     and \n      \n      \n      Jakobsson M\n      \n  \n  . \n  2002\n  . Almost optimal hash sequence traversal. In Financial Cryptography Lecture Notes in Computer Science vol. \n  2357 Springer\n  . 102--119. Coppersmith D. and Jakobsson M. 2002. Almost optimal hash sequence traversal. In Financial Cryptography Lecture Notes in Computer Science vol. 2357 Springer. 102--119.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-36504-4_8"},{"volume":"2","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 16th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC\u201905)","author":"Costa P.","key":"e_1_2_1_12_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1127777.1127822"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Dermibas M. 2005. Wireless sensor networks for monitoring of large public buildings. Tech. rep. University at Buffalo (www.cse.buffalo.edu\/tech-reports\/2005-26.pdf). Dermibas M. 2005. Wireless sensor networks for monitoring of large public buildings. Tech. rep. University at Buffalo (www.cse.buffalo.edu\/tech-reports\/2005-26.pdf)."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems (MASS 06)","author":"Dini G.","key":"e_1_2_1_15_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10776-010-0116-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Secure reconfiguration in networked embedded systems with the runes approach. In Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Wireless Sensor Networks (EWSN\u201908)","volume":"4913","author":"Dini G.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/647931.740583"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1127777.1127826"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JONS.0000015697.38671.ec"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2004.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2006.1632659"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/586110.586117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/378993.379006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/345910.345920"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1031495.1031515"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/358790.358797"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1138127.1138130"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"Liu A. P.Kampanakis and Ning P. 2007. Tinyecc: elliptic curve cryptography for sensor networks (version 0.3). http:discovery.csc.nvsu.edu\/software\/TinyECC\/. Liu A. P.Kampanakis and Ning P. 2007. Tinyecc: elliptic curve cryptography for sensor networks (version 0.3). http:discovery.csc.nvsu.edu\/software\/TinyECC\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/570738.570751"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"Menezes A. J. van Oorschot P. C. and A. V. S. 1996. Handbook of Applied Cryptography. CRC Press Boca Raton FL. Menezes A. J. van Oorschot P. C. and A. V. S. 1996. Handbook of Applied Cryptography . CRC Press Boca Raton FL."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2008.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"Moteiv. 2011. Tmote sky. http:\/\/www.moteiv.com\/. Moteiv . 2011. Tmote sky. http:\/\/www.moteiv.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11776178_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1142680.1142691"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Standards and Technology. 1995. FIPS PUB 180-1: Secure Hash Standard. National Institute of Standards and Technology. National Institute of Standards and Technology . 1995. FIPS PUB 180-1: Secure Hash Standard . National Institute of Standards and Technology."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Standards and Technology. 1998. SKIPJACK and KEA Algorithm Specifications. National Institute of Standards and Technology. National Institute of Standards and Technology . 1998. SKIPJACK and KEA Algorithm Specifications . National Institute of Standards and Technology."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2001. NIST FIPS PUB 197 Specification for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). National Institute of Standards and technology. National Institute of Standards and Technology . 2001. NIST FIPS PUB 197 Specification for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) . National Institute of Standards and technology."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2005. Plan for New Cryptographic Hash Functions. National Institute of Standards and Technology. National Institute of Standards and Technology . 2005. Plan for New Cryptographic Hash Functions . National Institute of Standards and Technology."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015047.1015056"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/381677.381696"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5289.887458"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1180345.1180366"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN\u201905)","author":"Polastre J.","key":"e_1_2_1_44_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/937503.937506"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1015047.1015049"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/227210.227228"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.481515"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rivest R. 1992. The MD5 message-digest algorithm. Internet Request for Comment RFC 1321 Internet Engineering Task Force. Rivest R. 1992. The MD5 message-digest algorithm. Internet Request for Comment RFC 1321 Internet Engineering Task Force.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc1321"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/359340.359342"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on fast Software Encryption","author":"Rivest R. L.","key":"e_1_2_1_51_1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC\u201906)","author":"Roman R.","key":"e_1_2_1_52_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-007-0024-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2003.1199073"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2003.814926"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware (COMSWARE\u201907)","author":"Son J.","key":"e_1_2_1_56_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.790485"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wallner D. M. Harder E. G. and Agee R. C. 1999. Key management for multicast: Issues and architecture. RFC 2627 IETF. Wallner D. M. Harder E. G. and Agee R. C. 1999. Key management for multicast: Issues and architecture. RFC 2627 IETF.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc2627"},{"volume-title":"Rump Session of the 25th Annual International Cryptology Conference (CRYPTO\u201905)","author":"Wang X.","key":"e_1_2_1_59_1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC\u201907)","author":"Wang Y.","key":"e_1_2_1_60_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2008.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/90.836475"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2006.106"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 24th IEEE International Performance Computing and Communications Conference. IEEE, 199--203","author":"Younis M. F.","key":"e_1_2_1_64_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2006.1637928"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1341731.1341733"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","unstructured":"Zhou X. Ramamurthy B. and Magliveras S. 2005. Secure Group Communication over Data Networks. Springer New York. Zhou X. Ramamurthy B. and Magliveras S. 2005. Secure Group Communication over Data Networks . Springer New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1218556.1218559"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2043662.2043665","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2043662.2043665","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T09:54:19Z","timestamp":1750240459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2043662.2043665"}},"subtitle":["A Lightweight Authenticated ReKeying Scheme for Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2043662.2043665"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2043662.2043665","relation":{},"ISSN":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1539-9087"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1558-3465"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-08-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-08-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-11-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}