{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T18:17:45Z","timestamp":1771697865821,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]],"date-time":"2011-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61120106007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61120106007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007567","name":"City University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SRG7002533"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SRG7002533"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007567","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9041562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9041562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2011CB302203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011CB302203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Automatically discovering high-level facade structures in unorganized 3D point clouds of urban scenes is crucial for applications like digitalization of real cities. However, this problem is challenging due to poor-quality input data, contaminated with severe missing areas, noise and outliers. This work introduces the concept of\n            <jats:italic>adaptive partitioning<\/jats:italic>\n            to automatically derive a flexible and hierarchical representation of 3D urban facades. Our key observation is that urban facades are largely governed by concatenated and\/or interlaced grids. Hence, unlike previous automatic facade analysis works which are typically restricted to globally rectilinear grids, we propose to automatically partition the facade in an adaptive manner, in which the splitting direction, the number and location of splitting planes are all adaptively determined. Such an adaptive partition operation is performed recursively to generate a hierarchical representation of the facade. We show that the concept of adaptive partitioning is also applicable to flexible and robust analysis of image facades. We evaluate our method on a dozen of LiDAR scans of various complexity and styles, and the image facades from the eTRIMS database and the Ecole Centrale Paris database. A series of applications that benefit from our approach are also demonstrated.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2070781.2024218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,30]],"date-time":"2011-11-30T13:58:46Z","timestamp":1322661526000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Adaptive partitioning of urban facades"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Chao-Hui","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing"}]},{"given":"Shi-Sheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing"}]},{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City University of Hong Kong"}]},{"given":"Shi-Min","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Proc. CMRT. Int. Arch. Photogramm., Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci, 229--234","author":"Becker S.","unstructured":"Becker , S. , and Haala , N . 2009. Grammar supported facade reconstruction from mobile LIDAR mapping . In Proc. CMRT. Int. Arch. Photogramm., Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci, 229--234 . Becker, S., and Haala, N. 2009. Grammar supported facade reconstruction from mobile LIDAR mapping. In Proc. CMRT. Int. Arch. Photogramm., Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci, 229--234."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.121791"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2009.01410.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1778765.1778841"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-010-0520-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1986.4767851"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Tech. Rep. TR-IGG-P-2009-01, March.","author":"Kor\u010d F.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kor\u010d , F. , and F\u00f6rstner , W . 2009 . eTRIMS Image Database for Interpreting Images of Man-Made Scenes . Tech. Rep. TR-IGG-P-2009-01, March. Kor\u010d, F., and F\u00f6rstner, W. 2009. eTRIMS Image Database for Interpreting Images of Man-Made Scenes. Tech. Rep. TR-IGG-P-2009-01, March."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/344779.344849"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"120","article-title":"Fast normalized cross-correlation","volume":"1995","author":"Lewis J.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lewis , J. 1995 . Fast normalized cross-correlation . In Vision Interface 1995 , 120 -- 123 . Lewis, J. 1995. Fast normalized cross-correlation. In Vision Interface 1995, 120--123.","journal-title":"Vision Interface"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20870\/IJVR.2010.9.1.2757"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141924"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141931"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276484"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1925059.1925081"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1778765.1778830"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1899950.1899989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1360612.1360642"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2007.01016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"CVPR","author":"Teboul O.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Teboul , O. , Simon , L. , Koutsourakis , P. , and Paragios , N . 2010. Segmentation of building facades using procedural shape priors . In CVPR 2010 , 3105--3112. Teboul, O., Simon, L., Koutsourakis, P., and Paragios, N. 2010. Segmentation of building facades using procedural shape priors. In CVPR 2010, 3105--3112."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995319"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/882262.882324"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"ECCV","author":"Wu C.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wu , C. , Frahm , J. , and Pollefeys , M . 2010. Detecting large repetitive structures with salient boundaries . ECCV 2010 , 142--155. Wu, C., Frahm, J., and Pollefeys, M. 2010. Detecting large repetitive structures with salient boundaries. 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