{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T14:41:42Z","timestamp":1778164902880,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Named entity recognition has served many natural language processing tasks such as information retrieval, machine translation, and question answering systems. Many researchers have addressed the name identification issue in a variety of languages and recently some research efforts have started to focus on named entity recognition for the Arabic language. We present a working Arabic information extraction (IE) system that is used to analyze large volumes of news texts every day to extract the named entity (NE) types person, organization, location, date, and number, as well as quotations (direct reported speech) by and about people. The named entity recognition (NER) system was not developed for Arabic, but instead a multilingual NER system was adapted to also cover Arabic. The Semitic language Arabic substantially differs from the Indo-European and Finno-Ugric languages currently covered. This article thus describes what Arabic language-specific resources had to be developed and what changes needed to be made to the rule set in order to be applicable to the Arabic language. The achieved evaluation results are generally satisfactory, but could be improved for certain entity types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2090176.2090178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,6]],"date-time":"2012-03-06T13:18:22Z","timestamp":1331039902000},"page":"1-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["RENAR"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Wajdi","family":"Zaghouani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2816272.2816330"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Benajiba D. Y. 2009a. Named entity recognition. Doctoral dissertation Universidad Politecnica de Valencia. Benajiba D. Y. 2009a. Named entity recognition. Doctoral dissertation Universidad Politecnica de Valencia."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Language-Independent Engineering (LIE\u201907)","author":"Benajiba Y."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-70939-8_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Joint Meeting of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201908)","author":"Benajiba Y."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","article-title":"Using language independent and language specific features to enhance Arabic NER. Int. Arabic","author":"Benajiba Y.","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Inf. Technol., 463--471."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages (CASL\u201998)","author":"Debili F."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP\u201905)","author":"Doaa S."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/992628.992709"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages (CASL\u201998)","author":"Maloney J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Benjamins Current Topics","volume":"19","author":"Nadeau D."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pouliquen B. Steinberger R. Ignat C. Temnikova I. Widiger A. Zaghouani W. and \u017di\u017eka J. 2005. Multilingual person name recognition and transliteration. Corela Num\u00e9ros sp\u00e9ciaux Le traitement lexicographique des noms propres. Pouliquen B. Steinberger R. Ignat C. Temnikova I. Widiger A. Zaghouani W. and \u017di\u017eka J. 2005. Multilingual person name recognition and transliteration. Corela Num\u00e9ros sp\u00e9ciaux Le traitement lexicographique des noms propres .","DOI":"10.4000\/corela.1219"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"Sekine S. 2004. amed entity: History and future. http:\/\/cs.nyu.edu\/~sekine\/papers\/NEsurvey200402.pdf. Sekine S. 2004. amed entity: History and future. http:\/\/cs.nyu.edu\/~sekine\/papers\/NEsurvey200402.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.v35:7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85287-2_42"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.v60:8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steinberger R. Pouliquen B. and Ignat C. 2008. Using language-independent rules to achieve high multilinguality in Text Mining. In Mining Massive Data Sets for Security. F.-S. Fran\u00e7oise D. Perrotta J. Piskorski and R. Steinberger Eds. IOS Press 217--240. Steinberger R. Pouliquen B. and Ignat C. 2008. Using language-independent rules to achieve high multilinguality in Text Mining. In Mining Massive Data Sets for Security . F.-S. Fran\u00e7oise D. Perrotta J. Piskorski and R. Steinberger Eds. IOS Press 217--240.","DOI":"10.3233\/978-1-58603-898-4-217"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR-CLIR\u201909)","author":"Steinberger R."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Traboulsi H. N. 2006. Named Entity Recognition: A local grammar-based approach. Doctoral dissertation Department of Computing Surrey University Guildford U.K. Traboulsi H. N. 2006. Named Entity Recognition: A local grammar-based approach. Doctoral dissertation Department of Computing Surrey University Guildford U.K."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IMCSIT.2009.5352809"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP\u201904)","author":"Vergyri D."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Zaghouani W. 2009. Le rep\u00e9rage automatique des entit\u00e9s nomm\u00e9es dans la langue arabe: Vers la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un syst\u00e8me \u00e0 base de r\u00e8gles. Master\u2019s thesis University of Montreal. Zaghouani W . 2009. Le rep\u00e9rage automatique des entit\u00e9s nomm\u00e9es dans la langue arabe: Vers la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un syst\u00e8me \u00e0 base de r\u00e8gles. Master\u2019s thesis University of Montreal."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop of Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages (ACL\u201905)","author":"Zitouni I."}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2090176.2090178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2090176.2090178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T10:06:45Z","timestamp":1750241205000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2090176.2090178"}},"subtitle":["A Rule-Based Arabic Named Entity Recognition System"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2090176.2090178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2090176.2090178","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-0226","1558-3430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-0226","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-3430","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-06-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-05-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}