{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:25:56Z","timestamp":1750307156173,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            In this article, we present an implantable closed-loop epilepsy prosthesis, which is dedicated to automatically detect seizure onsets based on intracerebral electroencephalographic (icEEG) recordings from intracranial electrode contacts and provide an electrical stimulation feedback to the same contacts in order to disrupt these seizures. A novel epileptic seizure detector and a dedicated electrical stimulator were assembled together with common recording electrodes to complete the proposed prosthesis. The seizure detector was implemented in CMOS 0.18-\n            <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n            m by incorporating a new seizure detection algorithm that models time-amplitude and -frequency relationship in icEEG. The detector was validated offline on ten patients with refractory epilepsy and showed excellent performance for early detection of seizures. The electrical stimulator, used for suppressing the developing seizure, is composed of two biphasic channels and was assembled with embedded FPGA in a miniature PCB. The stimulator efficiency was evaluated on cadaveric animal brain tissue in an in vitro morphologic electrical model. Spatial characteristics of the voltage distribution in cortex were assessed in an attempt to identify optimal stimulation parameters required to affect the suspected epileptic focus. The experimental results suggest that lower frequency stimulation parameters cause significant amount of shunting of current through the cerebrospinal fluid; however higher frequency stimulation parameters produce effective spatial voltage distribution with lower stimulation charge.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2180878.2180881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]],"date-time":"2012-06-27T13:31:17Z","timestamp":1340803877000},"page":"1-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Implantable Closed-Loop Epilepsy Prosthesis"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Tariqus","family":"Salam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al"}]},{"given":"Mohamad","family":"Sawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al"}]},{"given":"Dang Khoa","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference of the IEEE 1, 185--186","author":"Agarwal V. S.","key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Agarwal , V. S. , Thakor , N. V. , Lesser , R. P. , Gordon , B. , and Nathan , S . 1994. Modeling electrical stimulation of the human cerebral cortex; Engineering advances: New opportunities for biomedical engineers . In Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference of the IEEE 1, 185--186 . Agarwal, V. S., Thakor, N. V., Lesser, R. P., Gordon, B., and Nathan, S. 1994. Modeling electrical stimulation of the human cerebral cortex; Engineering advances: New opportunities for biomedical engineers. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference of the IEEE 1, 185--186."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference.","author":"Aziz J. N. Y.","key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Aziz , J. N. Y. , Karakiewicz , R. , Genov , R. , Bardakjian , B. L. , Derchansky , M. , and Carlen , P. L . 2006. Towards real-time in-implant epileptic seizure prediction . In Proceedings of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference. Aziz, J. N. Y., Karakiewicz, R., Genov, R., Bardakjian, B. L., Derchansky, M., and Carlen, P. L. 2006. Towards real-time in-implant epileptic seizure prediction. In Proceedings of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73841-1_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2007.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"106","article-title":"A partial-current-steering biphasic stimulation driver for vestibular prostheses","volume":"2","author":"Constandinou T. G.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Constandinou , T. G. , Georgiou , J. , and Toumazou , C. 2008 . A partial-current-steering biphasic stimulation driver for vestibular prostheses . IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 2 , 2, 106 -- 113 . Constandinou, T. G., Georgiou, J., and Toumazou, C. 2008. A partial-current-steering biphasic stimulation driver for vestibular prostheses. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 2, 2, 106--113.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02536.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(90)90082-U"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of SPIE: Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging. 240--246","author":"Guerra G. R.","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Guerra , G. R. , Davalos , R. V. , Garcia P. A. , Rubinsky , B. , and Berger , M . 2005. Heat transfer model to characterize the focal cooling necessary to suppress spontaneous epileptiform activity . In Proceedings of SPIE: Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging. 240--246 . Guerra, G. R., Davalos, R. V., Garcia P. A., Rubinsky, B., and Berger, M. 2005. Heat transfer model to characterize the focal cooling necessary to suppress spontaneous epileptiform activity. In Proceedings of SPIE: Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging. 240--246."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2008.922581"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"The Treatment of Epilepsy: Overview of Surgical Treatment for Epilepsy","author":"Jerome E. J.","unstructured":"Jerome , E. J. 2009. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Overview of Surgical Treatment for Epilepsy 3 rd Ed. Wiley-Blackwell . 743--756. Jerome, E. J. 2009. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Overview of Surgical Treatment for Epilepsy 3rd Ed. Wiley-Blackwell. 743--756.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.26104.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21087"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 3302--3305","author":"Lester D. B.","key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Lester , D. B. , Rogers , T. D. , and Blaha , C. D . 2009. Neuronal pathways involved in deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease . In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 3302--3305 . Lester, D. B., Rogers, T. D., and Blaha, C. D. 2009. Neuronal pathways involved in deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease. In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 3302--3305."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02345810"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2004.10.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/7\/3\/036001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(93)90006-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/90\/1\/012032"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2009.08.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20377"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Low power real-time seizure detection for ambulatory EEG","author":"Patel K.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Patel , K. , Chua , C. P. , Faul , S. , and Bleakley , C. J. 2009 . Low power real-time seizure detection for ambulatory EEG . In Proceedings of the International Conference on PCTHealth - Pervasive Health. X 1 -- 7 . Patel, K., Chua, C. P., Faul, S., and Bleakley, C. J. 2009. Low power real-time seizure detection for ambulatory EEG. In Proceedings of the International Conference on PCTHealth - Pervasive Health. X 1--7.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on PCTHealth - Pervasive Health."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/7\/4\/046007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/6\/5\/056005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02474773"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 4631--4634","author":"Reese T. J.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Reese , T. J. 2009 . Vagus nerve stimulation: A proven therapy for treatment of epilepsy strives to improve efficacy and expand applications . In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 4631--4634 . Reese, T. J. 2009. Vagus nerve stimulation: A proven therapy for treatment of epilepsy strives to improve efficacy and expand applications. In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 4631--4634."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.951508"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2006.06.001"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BIOCAS). 169--172","author":"Salam M. T.","key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"Salam , M. T. , Sawan , M. , Nguyen , D. K. , and Hamoui , A. A . 2009. Epileptic low-voltage fast-activity seizure-onset detector . In Proceedings of the IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BIOCAS). 169--172 . Salam, M. T., Sawan, M., Nguyen, D. K., and Hamoui, A. A. 2009. Epileptic low-voltage fast-activity seizure-onset detector. In Proceedings of the IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BIOCAS). 169--172."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salam M. T. Sawan M. and Nguyen D. K. 2010a. A low-power implantable device for epileptic seizure detection and neurostimulation. IEEE-BIOCAS. Salam M. T. Sawan M. and Nguyen D. K. 2010a. A low-power implantable device for epileptic seizure detection and neurostimulation. IEEE-BIOCAS .","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOCAS.2010.5709594"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 6210--6213","author":"Salam M. T.","key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"Salam , M. T. , Sawan , M. , and Nguyen , D. K . 2010b. Epileptic seizure onset detection prior to clinical manifestation . In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 6210--6213 . Salam, M. T., Sawan, M., and Nguyen, D. K. 2010b. Epileptic seizure onset detection prior to clinical manifestation. In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 6210--6213."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1260\/2040-2295.1.2.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Salam M. T. Sawan M. and Nguyen D. K. 2012. A low-power miniaturized seizure detector with responsive neurostimulation for the treatment of refractory epilepsy. J. Neural Eng. To appear. Salam M. T. Sawan M. and Nguyen D. K. 2012. A low-power miniaturized seizure detector with responsive neurostimulation for the treatment of refractory epilepsy. J. Neural Eng . To appear."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2009.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"X","article-title":"Treatment of medically refractory epilepsy: A review of vagus nerve stimulator","volume":"9","author":"Sethi N.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sethi , N. , Labar , D. , Ponticello , L. , Torgovnick , J. , Sethi , P. , and Arsura , E. 2008 . Treatment of medically refractory epilepsy: A review of vagus nerve stimulator . Internet J. Neurol. 9 , 1, X . Sethi, N., Labar, D., Ponticello, L., Torgovnick, J., Sethi, P., and Arsura, E. 2008. Treatment of medically refractory epilepsy: A review of vagus nerve stimulator. Internet J. Neurol. 9, 1, X.","journal-title":"Internet J. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2009.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spencer S S. Nguyen D. K. and Duckrow R. B. 2009. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Invasive EEG in Presurgical Evaluation of Epilepsy 3rd Ed. Wiley-Blackwell. 767--798. Spencer S S. Nguyen D. K. and Duckrow R. B. 2009. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Invasive EEG in Presurgical Evaluation of Epilepsy 3rd Ed. Wiley-Blackwell. 767--798.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444316667.ch62"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sramka M. and Chkhenkeli S. A. 1990. Clinical experience in intraoperational determination of brain inhibitory structures and application of implanted neurostimulators in epilepsy. Stereotact. Funct. Neurosurg. 54--55 56--59. Sramka M. and Chkhenkeli S. A. 1990. Clinical experience in intraoperational determination of brain inhibitory structures and application of implanted neurostimulators in epilepsy. Stereotact. Funct. Neurosurg. 54--55 56--59.","DOI":"10.1159\/000100190"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(99)00107-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2007.10.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2010.2042245"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society: Engineering Future Biomedicine (EMBC). 228--231","author":"Zandi A. S.","key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","unstructured":"Zandi , A. S. , Dumont , A. G. , Javidan , M. , and Tafreshi , R . 2009. An entropy-based approach to predict seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy using scalp EEG . In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society: Engineering Future Biomedicine (EMBC). 228--231 . Zandi, A. S., Dumont, A. G., Javidan, M., and Tafreshi, R. 2009. An entropy-based approach to predict seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy using scalp EEG. In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society: Engineering Future Biomedicine (EMBC). 228--231."}],"container-title":["ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2180878.2180881","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2180878.2180881","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T09:54:22Z","timestamp":1750240462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2180878.2180881"}},"subtitle":["Modeling, Implementation and Validation"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2180878.2180881"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2180878.2180881","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-4832","1550-4840"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1550-4832"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1550-4840"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-03-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-09-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-06-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}