{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T02:09:55Z","timestamp":1774058995882,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present a method that brings the benefits of physics-based simulations to traditional animation pipelines. We formulate the equations of motions in the subspace of deformations defined by an animator's rig. Our framework fits seamlessly into the workflow typically employed by artists, as our output consists of animation curves that are identical in nature to the result of manual keyframing. Artists can therefore explore the full spectrum between handcrafted animation and unrestricted physical simulation. To enhance the artist's control, we provide a method that transforms stiffness values defined on rig parameters to a non-homogeneous distribution of material parameters for the underlying FEM model. In addition, we use automatically extracted high-level rig parameters to intuitively edit the results of our simulations, and also to speed up computation. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, we create compelling results by adding rich physical motions to coarse input animations. In the absence of artist input, we create realistic passive motion directly in rig space.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2185520.2185568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,6]],"date-time":"2012-08-06T18:11:37Z","timestamp":1344276697000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Rig-space physics"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Fabian","family":"Hahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich and Disney Research Zurich"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disney Research Zurich"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Thomaszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disney Research Zurich"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Sumner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disney Research Zurich"}]},{"given":"Stelian","family":"Coros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disney Research Zurich"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich and Disney Research Zurich"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276467"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1833349.1778818"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1964921.1964986"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/800031.808573"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/566570.566622"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2006.279"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2945.620488"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fr\u00f6hlich S. and Botsch M. 2011. Example-driven deformations based on discrete shells. Computer Graphics Forum 30.  Fr\u00f6hlich S. and Botsch M. 2011. Example-driven deformations based on discrete shells. Computer Graphics Forum 30 .","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2011.01974.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1944846.1944855"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1028523.1028541"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1201775.882359"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276466"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1457515.1409075"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1661412.1618469"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2009.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1964921.1964931"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/344779.344862"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1833349.1778769"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","volume-title":"Proc. of Graphics Interface '88","author":"Magnenat-Thalmann N.","unstructured":"Magnenat-Thalmann , N. , Laperri\u00e8re , R. , and Thalmann , D . 1989. Joint-dependent local deformations for hand animation and object grasping . In Proc. of Graphics Interface '88 . Magnenat-Thalmann, N., Laperri\u00e8re, R., and Thalmann, D. 1989. Joint-dependent local deformations for hand animation and object grasping. In Proc. of Graphics Interface '88."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1964921.1964967"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1964921.1964932"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","unstructured":"Nocedal J. and Wright S. J. 2006. Numerical Optimization. Springer.  Nocedal J. and Wright S. J. 2006. Numerical Optimization . Springer."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1599470.1599481"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Articulated motion and deformable objects (ADMO) '10","author":"Savoye Y.","unstructured":"Savoye , Y. , and Franco , J . -S. 2010. CageIK: dual-laplacian cage-based inverse kinematics . In Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Articulated motion and deformable objects (ADMO) '10 . Savoye, Y., and Franco, J.-S. 2010. CageIK: dual-laplacian cage-based inverse kinematics. In Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Articulated motion and deformable objects (ADMO) '10."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/15922.15903"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_1","volume-title":"Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia '11","author":"Seol Y.","unstructured":"Seol , Y. , Seo , J. , Kim , P. H. , Lewis , J. P. , and Noh , J . 2011. Artist friendly facial animation retargeting . In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia '11 . Seol, Y., Seo, J., Kim, P. H., Lewis, J. P., and Noh, J. 2011. Artist friendly facial animation retargeting. In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia '11."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/280814.280946"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/364338.364382"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186822.1073218"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_1","unstructured":"Whitaker H. and Halas J. 2002. Timing for Animation. Focal Press.  Whitaker H. and Halas J. 2002. Timing for Animation . Focal Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_32_1","volume-title":"Simulating and Generating Motions of Human Figures","author":"Yamane K.","unstructured":"Yamane , K. 2004. Simulating and Generating Motions of Human Figures . Springer . Yamane, K. 2004. Simulating and Generating Motions of Human Figures. Springer."}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2185520.2185568","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2185520.2185568","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T10:06:47Z","timestamp":1750241207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2185520.2185568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"references-count":32,"aliases":["10.1145\/2185520.2335423"],"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2185520.2185568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2185520.2185568","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0730-0301","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7368","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-07-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}