{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:14:25Z","timestamp":1758845665845,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,24]],"date-time":"2012-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1348444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Teredo auto-tunnelling protocol allows IPv6 hosts behind IPv4 NATs to communicate with other IPv6 hosts. It is enabled by default on Windows Vista and Windows 7. But Windows clients are self-constrained: if their only IPv6 access is Teredo, they are unable to resolve host names to IPv6 addresses. We use web-based measurements to investigate the (latent) Teredo capability of Internet clients, and the delay introduced by Teredo. We compare this with native IPv6 and 6to4 tunnelling capability and delay. We find that only 6--7% of connections are from fully IPv6-capable clients, but an additional 15--16% of connections are from clients that would be IPv6-capable if Windows Teredo was not constrained. However, Teredo increases the median latency to fetch objects by 1--1.5 seconds compared to IPv4 or native IPv6, even with an optimally located Teredo relay. Furthermore, in many cases Teredo fails to establish a tunnel.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2378956.2378959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,2]],"date-time":"2012-10-02T13:50:00Z","timestamp":1349185800000},"page":"13-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Investigating the IPv6 teredo tunnelling capability and performance of internet clients"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Zander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lachlan L.H.","family":"Andrew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grenville","family":"Armitage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoff","family":"Huston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asia Pacific Network Information Centre, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Michaelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asia Pacific Network Information Centre, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B. Carpenter K. Moore. Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds. RFC 3056 (Proposed Standard) Feb. 2001.   B. Carpenter K. Moore. Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds. RFC 3056 (Proposed Standard) Feb. 2001.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc3056"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1987510.1987514"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Huitema. Teredo: Tunneling IPv6 over UDP through Network Address Translations (NATs). RFC 4380 (Proposed Standard) February 2006.  C. Huitema. Teredo: Tunneling IPv6 over UDP through Network Address Translations (NATs). RFC 4380 (Proposed Standard) February 2006.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc4380"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Thaler. Teredo Extensions. RFC 6081 (Proposed Standard) January 2011.  D. Thaler. Teredo Extensions. RFC 6081 (Proposed Standard) January 2011.","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc6081"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Microsoft Technet. Teredo Overview. http:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/bb457011.aspx.  Microsoft Technet. Teredo Overview. http:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/bb457011.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"R. Denis-Courmont. Miredo: Teredo for Linux and BSD. www.remlab.net\/miredo\/.  R. Denis-Courmont. Miredo: Teredo for Linux and BSD. www.remlab.net\/miredo\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Microsoft Technet. DNS Client Behavior in Windows Vista. http:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/bb727035.aspx.  Microsoft Technet. DNS Client Behavior in Windows Vista. http:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/bb727035.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Private email conversation with Microsoft Teredo developers.  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IPv6 test. http:\/\/ipv6test.max.nl\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2002250.2002258"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AINA.2005.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4304\/jnw.2.4.40-50"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1936254.1936297"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"G. Huston. Testing Teredo April 2011. https:\/\/labs.ripe.net\/Members\/gih\/testing-teredo.  G. Huston. Testing Teredo April 2011. https:\/\/labs.ripe.net\/Members\/gih\/testing-teredo."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2398776.2398787"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Cisco Systems. Visual Network Index. http:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/netsol\/ns827\/networking_solutions_sub_solution.html.  Cisco Systems. Visual Network Index. http:\/\/www.cisco.com\/en\/US\/netsol\/ns827\/networking_solutions_sub_solution.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Wikipedia. Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report. http:\/\/stats.wikimedia.org\/wikimedia\/squids\/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm.  Wikipedia. Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report. http:\/\/stats.wikimedia.org\/wikimedia\/squids\/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"MaxMind's GeoIP Country Database. http:\/\/www.maxmind.com\/app\/geoip_country.  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