{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:24:34Z","timestamp":1750307074191,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["60970117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["60970117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CityU 114710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CityU 114710"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Sen. Netw."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            In this article we analyze capacity improvement by directional antennas over omni antennas in wireless sensor networks. The capacity in our analysis is the end-to-end per-node throughput. We analyze the typical traffic pattern for sensor networks, where traffics are destined to or originated from the sink. The main results of our analysis are summarized as follows. (1) The network capacity is\n            <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n            (1\/\n            <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n            ) for both omni and directional antennas, where\n            <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n            is the number of sensor nodes in the network. (2) In the case of line deployment, the capacity ratio of directional antennas over omni antennas is bounded by (2\n            <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n            +3)\/(2\n            <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n            -1), where\n            <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n            is the ratio of the interference radius to the transmission radius. (3) In the case of two-dimensional deployment, the capacity for using directional antennas is\n            <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n            (1\/\u03b8) for\n            <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n            = 2, and\n            <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n            (lg\n            <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n            \/\u03b8\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            lg(1\/\u03b8)) for\n            <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt; 2, where\n            <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n            is the number of radios (antennas) on each node and \u03b8 is the beamwidth of antennas. (4) When there are\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            &gt; 1 sinks, the capacity has a non-monotonic relationship with the transmission radius. The optimal transmission radius depends on the ratio of\n            <jats:italic>n\/q<\/jats:italic>\n            . (5) The capacity ratio of directional antennas over omni antennas in multi-channel networks decreases as the channel number\/radio number ratio\n            <jats:italic>c\/m<\/jats:italic>\n            increases.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2379799.2379802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,29]],"date-time":"2012-11-29T15:02:27Z","timestamp":1354201347000},"page":"1-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Analysis of capacity improvement by directional antennas in wireless sensor networks"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"}]},{"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huawei Technologies, China"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","DOI":"10.1145\/1031134.1031143"},{"unstructured":"Bettstetter C. Hartmann C. and Moser C. 2005. How does randomized beamforming improve the connectivity of ad hoc networks&quest; In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications.  Bettstetter C. Hartmann C. and Moser C. 2005. How does randomized beamforming improve the connectivity of ad hoc networks&quest; In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications.","key":"e_1_2_1_2_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSNIP.2009.5416826"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 628--636","author":"Dai H.","unstructured":"Dai , H. , Ng , K. , Wong , R. , and Wu , M . 2008. On the capacity of multi-channel wireless networks using directional antennas . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 628--636 . Dai, H., Ng, K., Wong, R., and Wu, M. 2008. On the capacity of multi-channel wireless networks using directional antennas. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 628--636.","key":"e_1_2_1_4_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2006.881631"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 464--475","author":"Gamal A.","unstructured":"Gamal , A. , Mammen , J. , Prabhakar , B. , and Shah , D . 2004. Throughput-delay trade-off in wireless networks . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 464--475 . Gamal, A., Mammen, J., Prabhakar, B., and Shah, D. 2004. Throughput-delay trade-off in wireless networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 464--475.","key":"e_1_2_1_6_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2004.842563"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 357--365","author":"Garetto M.","unstructured":"Garetto , M. , Giaccone , P. , and Leonardi , E . 2007. On the capacity of ad hoc wireless networks under general node mobility . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 357--365 . Garetto, M., Giaccone, P., and Leonardi, E. 2007. On the capacity of ad hoc wireless networks under general node mobility. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 357--365.","key":"e_1_2_1_8_1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the European Conference onWireless Technologies.","author":"Giorgetti G.","unstructured":"Giorgetti , G. , Cidronali , A. , Gupta , S. , and Manes , G . 2007. Exploiting low-cost directional antennas in 2.4 ghz IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor networks . In Proceedings of the European Conference onWireless Technologies. Giorgetti, G., Cidronali, A., Gupta, S., and Manes, G. 2007. Exploiting low-cost directional antennas in 2.4 ghz IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the European Conference onWireless Technologies.","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2002.801403"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","DOI":"10.1109\/18.825799"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2003.1241089"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","DOI":"10.1145\/938985.938992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications.","volume":"9","author":"Kumar U.","unstructured":"Kumar , U. , Gupta , H. , and Das , S. R . 2006. A topology control approach to using directional antennas in wireless mesh networks . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications. Vol. 9 . 4083--4088. Kumar, U., Gupta, H., and Das, S. R. 2006. A topology control approach to using directional antennas in wireless mesh networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications. Vol. 9. 4083--4088."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","DOI":"10.1145\/1080829.1080835"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2008.926504"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st IEEE Workshop on Wireless Mesh Networks.","author":"Li G.","unstructured":"Li , G. , Yang , L. L. , Conner , W. S. , and Sadeghi , B . 2005. Opportunities and challenges for mesh networks using directional antennas . In Proceedings of the 1st IEEE Workshop on Wireless Mesh Networks. Li, G., Yang, L. L., Conner, W. S., and Sadeghi, B. 2005. Opportunities and challenges for mesh networks using directional antennas. In Proceedings of the 1st IEEE Workshop on Wireless Mesh Networks.","key":"e_1_2_1_17_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","DOI":"10.1145\/381677.381684"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications. 211--214","author":"Li J.","unstructured":"Li , J. , Haas , Z. , and Sheng , M . 2002. Capacity evaluation of multi-channel multi-hop ad hoc networks . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications. 211--214 . Li, J., Haas, Z., and Sheng, M. 2002. Capacity evaluation of multi-channel multi-hop ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications. 211--214.","key":"e_1_2_1_19_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2008.2006224"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 1543--1552","author":"Liu B.","unstructured":"Liu , B. , Liu , Z. , and Towsley , D . 2003. On the capacity of hybrid wireless networks . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 1543--1552 . Liu, B., Liu, Z., and Towsley, D. 2003. On the capacity of hybrid wireless networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 1543--1552.","key":"e_1_2_1_21_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","DOI":"10.1145\/1288107.1288140"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Senser Networks. 1--16","author":"Marco D.","unstructured":"Marco , D. , Melo , E. D. , Liu , M. , and Neuho , D . 2003. On the many-to-one transport capacity of a dense wireless sensor network and the compressibility of its data . In Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Senser Networks. 1--16 . Marco, D., Melo, E. D., Liu, M., and Neuho, D. 2003. On the many-to-one transport capacity of a dense wireless sensor network and the compressibility of its data. In Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Senser Networks. 1--16.","key":"e_1_2_1_23_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-1286(03)00357-8"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","DOI":"10.1145\/501426.501430"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 1--12","author":"Roy S.","unstructured":"Roy , S. , Hu , Y. , Peroulis , D. , and Li , X . 2006. Minimum-energy broadcast using practical directional antennas in all-wireless networks . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 1--12 . Roy, S., Hu, Y., Peroulis, D., and Li, X. 2006. Minimum-energy broadcast using practical directional antennas in all-wireless networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 1--12.","key":"e_1_2_1_26_1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications. 348--352","author":"Spyropoulos A.","unstructured":"Spyropoulos , A. and Raghavendra , C. S . 2003. Capacity bound for ad-hoc network using directional antennas . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications. 348--352 . Spyropoulos, A. and Raghavendra, C. S. 2003. Capacity bound for ad-hoc network using directional antennas. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications. 348--352.","key":"e_1_2_1_27_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","DOI":"10.1145\/989459.989490"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 751--760","author":"Tang J.","unstructured":"Tang , J. , Xue , G. , Chandler , C. , and Zhang , W . 2005. Interference-aware routing in multihop wireless networks using directional antennas . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 751--760 . Tang, J., Xue, G., Chandler, C., and Zhang, W. 2005. Interference-aware routing in multihop wireless networks using directional antennas. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. 751--760.","key":"e_1_2_1_29_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","DOI":"10.1145\/989459.989477"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","DOI":"10.1145\/1089444.1089450"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS.2007.105"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","DOI":"10.1145\/778415.778429"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Mini Conference on Computer Communications. 2881--2885","author":"Zhang J.","unstructured":"Zhang , J. and Jia , X . 2009. Capacity analysis of wireless mesh networks with omni or directional antennas . In Proceedings of the Mini Conference on Computer Communications. 2881--2885 . Zhang, J. and Jia, X. 2009. Capacity analysis of wireless mesh networks with omni or directional antennas. In Proceedings of the Mini Conference on Computer Communications. 2881--2885.","key":"e_1_2_1_34_1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. 911--915","author":"Zhang J.","unstructured":"Zhang , J. and Liew , S. C . 2006. Capacity improvement of wireless ad hoc networks with directional antennae . In Proceedings of the IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. 911--915 . Zhang, J. and Liew, S. C. 2006. Capacity improvement of wireless ad hoc networks with directional antennae. In Proceedings of the IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. 911--915.","key":"e_1_2_1_35_1"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2379799.2379802","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2379799.2379802","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T09:33:57Z","timestamp":1750239237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2379799.2379802"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2379799.2379802"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2379799.2379802","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1550-4859"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1550-4867"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-11-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-08-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-11-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}