{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:22:03Z","timestamp":1750306923903,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000006","name":"Office of Naval Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N000140910664 and 0937865"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N000140910664 and 0937865"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There are a growing number of visual tracking applications now being envisioned for mobile devices. However, since computer vision algorithms such as particle filtering have large computational demands, they can result in high energy consumption and temperatures in mobile devices. Conventional approaches for distributed target tracking with a camera node and a receiver node are either sender-based (SB) or receiver-based (RB). The SB approach uses little energy and bandwidth, but requires a sender with large computational resources. The RB approach fits applications where computational resources are completely unavailable to the sender, but requires very large energy and bandwidth. In this article, we propose three architectures for distributed particle filtering that (i) reduce particle filtering workload and (ii) allow for dynamic migration of workload between nodes participating in tracking. We also discuss an adaptive particle filtering extension that adapts particle filter computational complexity and can be applied to both the conventional and proposed architectures for improved energy efficiency. Results show that the proposed solutions require low additional overhead, improve on tracking system lifetime, balance node temperatures, maintain track of the desired target, and are more effective than conventional approaches in many scenarios.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2442087.2442093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,9]],"date-time":"2013-04-09T12:17:58Z","timestamp":1365509878000},"page":"1-27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Resource-aware architectures for adaptive particle filter based visual target tracking"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Domenic","family":"Forte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland, College Park"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ankur","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland, College Park"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,11]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference Autonomic Computing and Communications Systems. 17","author":"Bolliger P.","key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Bolliger , P. , K\u00f6hler , M. , and R\u00f6mer , K . 2007. Facet: towards a smart camera network of mobile phones . In Proceedings of the International Conference Autonomic Computing and Communications Systems. 17 . Bolliger, P., K\u00f6hler, M., and R\u00f6mer, K. 2007. Facet: towards a smart camera network of mobile phones. In Proceedings of the International Conference Autonomic Computing and Communications Systems. 17."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Fusion. IEEE, 558--565","author":"Chhetri A.","key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Chhetri , A. , Morrell , D. , and Papandreou-Suppappola , A . 2005. Energy efficient target tracking in a sensor network using non-myopic sensor scheduling . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Fusion. IEEE, 558--565 . Chhetri, A., Morrell, D., and Papandreou-Suppappola, A. 2005. Energy efficient target tracking in a sensor network using non-myopic sensor scheduling. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Fusion. IEEE, 558--565."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AERO.2011.5747439"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2011.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DPVT.2006.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCD.2011.6081421"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IGCC.2011.6008586"},{"volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Fox D.","key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Fox , D. 2001. KLD-sampling: Adaptive particle filters . In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems , vol. 14 , MIT Press . Fox, D. 2001. KLD-sampling: Adaptive particle filters. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 14, MIT Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2010.5543248"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008078328650"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Chinese Control and Decision Conference. IEEE, 1316--1321","author":"Jinxia Y.","key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Jinxia , Y. , Yongli , T. , and Wenjing , L . 2010. Research on the adaptive mechanisms in particle filter . In Proceedings of the Chinese Control and Decision Conference. IEEE, 1316--1321 . Jinxia, Y., Yongli, T., and Wenjing, L. 2010. Research on the adaptive mechanisms in particle filter. In Proceedings of the Chinese Control and Decision Conference. 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Srinivasan, J., Adve, S. V., Bose, P., and Rivers, J. A. 2004. The impact of technology scaling on lifetime reliability. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks. 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