{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:21:27Z","timestamp":1750306887082,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,25]],"date-time":"2012-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1332633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGARCH Comput. Archit. News"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The radio telescope analyzes a radio frequency from celestial objects by using fast Fourier transform (FFT). In this application, its bandwidth f is wider than that of the typical FFT. Since the amount of hardware for the typical FFT circuit is proportional to the bandwidth f, a special technique is necessary for this application. This paper shows a realization of wideband FFT for the radio telescope on an FPGA. We show that the memory size for the conventional FFT, which consists of the twiddle factor memory and the transpose memory, is too large. We replace the twiddle factor memory with the pipelined CORDIC. To reduce the number of transpose memories, we increase the radix of the FFT from 22 to 2k, also we use the DDR2SDRAM to implement the transpose memory. We implement the 230-FFT on an Altera's Stratix IV GX530 FPGA. It performs the 230-FFT operations in 1.5 seconds. Compared with the Altera's FFT library, our FFT circuit realizes 214 times wider bandwidth on the same FPGA. Also, compared with Tesla S1070 utilizing four GPUs, our FFT circuit is faster and dissipates lower power.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2460216.2460225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,9]],"date-time":"2013-04-09T12:17:58Z","timestamp":1365509878000},"page":"46-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["On a wideband fast fourier transform for a radio telescope"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Nakahara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagoshima University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Sasao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/275107.275139"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Altera Corp. http:\/\/www.altera.com\/  Altera Corp. http:\/\/www.altera.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1090\/S0025-5718-1965-0178586-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/el:19840012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/S1064827595281940"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"HALCA\n  : Highly advanced laboratory for communications and astronomy.  HALCA: Highly advanced laboratory for communications and astronomy."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"766","volume-title":"A new approach to pipeline FFT processor,\" IPPS'96","author":"He S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"S. He and M. Torkelson , \" A new approach to pipeline FFT processor,\" IPPS'96 , pp. 766 -- 770 , 1996 . S. He and M. Torkelson, \"A new approach to pipeline FFT processor,\" IPPS'96, pp. 766--770, 1996."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Variation of molecular gas properties across the spiral arms","volume":"342","author":"Hirota A.","unstructured":"A. Hirota , N. Kuno , N. Sato , H. Nakanishi , T. Tosaki , and K. Sorai , \" Variation of molecular gas properties across the spiral arms in IC 342 : Large-scale 13CO ( 1 - 0 ) emission\", PASJ, No. 62, pp. 1261--1275, 2010. A. Hirota, N. Kuno, N. Sato, H. Nakanishi, T. Tosaki, and K. Sorai, \"Variation of molecular gas properties across the spiral arms in IC 342: Large-scale 13CO (1-0) emission\", PASJ, No. 62, pp. 1261--1275, 2010.","journal-title":"IC"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"IBOB (Interconnect break-out board) http:\/\/casper.berkeley.edu\/wiki\/IBOB\/  IBOB (Interconnect break-out board) http:\/\/casper.berkeley.edu\/wiki\/IBOB\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FPL.2010.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218202501000775"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPA.2010.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1979.1163314"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.1993.193130"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Mars Scout Program http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/  Mars Scout Program http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Parsons et.al \"PetaOp\/Second FPGA signal processing for SETI and radio astronomy \" ACSSC'06 2006.  A. Parsons et.al \"PetaOp\/Second FPGA signal processing for SETI and radio astronomy \" ACSSC'06 2006.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2006.355123"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Theory and application of digital signal processing,\" Prentice-Hall Inc","author":"Rabiner L. R.","year":"1975","unstructured":"L. R. Rabiner and B. Gold , \" Theory and application of digital signal processing,\" Prentice-Hall Inc ., 1975 . L. R. Rabiner and B. Gold, \"Theory and application of digital signal processing,\" Prentice-Hall Inc., 1975."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"SERENDIP\n  : The search for extra terrestrial intelligence at UC Berkeley.  SERENDIP: The search for extra terrestrial intelligence at UC Berkeley."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"SKA\n  : Square kilometer array http:\/\/www.skatelescope.org\/  SKA: Square kilometer array http:\/\/www.skatelescope.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"NVIDIA Corp. \"TESLA S1070 GPU computing system \" http:\/\/www.nvidia.com\/  NVIDIA Corp. \"TESLA S1070 GPU computing system \" http:\/\/www.nvidia.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.1959.5222693"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Xilinx Inc. \"LogiCORE IP fast fourier transform v7.1\" 2011.  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