{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T13:58:25Z","timestamp":1766066305074,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Major Project of China","award":["2011ZX03002-002-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011ZX03002-002-02"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["60971102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["60971102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2009CB320504, 2010CB328105, and 2012CB315803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009CB320504, 2010CB328105, and 2012CB315803"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Sen. Netw."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are embracing an increasing number of real-time applications subject to strict delay constraints. Utilizing the methodology of potential field in physics, in this article we effectively address the challenges of real-time routing in WSNs. In particular, based on a virtual composite potential field, we propose the Potential-based Real-Time Routing (PRTR) protocol that supports real-time routing using multipath transmission. PRTR minimizes delay for real-time traffic and alleviates possible congestions simultaneously. Since the delay bounds of real-time flows are extremely important, the end-to-end delay bound for a single flow is derived based on the\n            <jats:italic>Network Calculus<\/jats:italic>\n            theory. The simulation results show that PRTR minimizes the end-to-end delay for real-time routing, and also guarantees a tight bound on the delay.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2480730.2480738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,5]],"date-time":"2013-06-05T12:09:34Z","timestamp":1370434174000},"page":"1-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Real-time routing in wireless sensor networks"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yinsheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengyuan","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Canfeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nokia Research Center, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sajal K.","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2008.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/863955.863962"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Boudec J.-Y. L. and Thiran P. 2001. Network Calculus. A Theory of Deterministic Queuing Systems for the Internet. Springer.   Boudec J.-Y. L. and Thiran P. 2001. Network Calculus. A Theory of Deterministic Queuing Systems for the Internet. Springer."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Chipara O. He Z. Xing G. Chen Q. Wang X. Lu C. Stankovic J. and Abdelzaher T. 2005. Real-time power control in wireless sensor networks. Tech. rep. WUCSE-2005-31 Washington University in St. Louis.  Chipara O. He Z. Xing G. Chen Q. Wang X. Lu C. Stankovic J. and Abdelzaher T. 2005. Real-time power control in wireless sensor networks. Tech. rep. WUCSE-2005-31 Washington University in St. Louis."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of 14th IEEE International Workshop on Quality of Service (IWQoS'06)","author":"Chipara O.","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Chipara , O. , He , Z. , Xing , G. , Chen , Q. , Wang , X. , Lu , C. , Stankovic , J. , and Abdelzaher , T . 2006. Real-time power-aware routing in sensor networks . In Proceedings of 14th IEEE International Workshop on Quality of Service (IWQoS'06) . 83--92. Chipara, O., He, Z., Xing, G., Chen, Q., Wang, X., Lu, C., Stankovic, J., and Abdelzaher, T. 2006. Real-time power-aware routing in sensor networks. In Proceedings of 14th IEEE International Workshop on Quality of Service (IWQoS'06). 83--92."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/938985.939000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM'05)","volume":"4","author":"Felemban E.","unstructured":"Felemban , E. , Lee , C.-G. , Ekici , E. , Boder , R. , and Vural , S . 2005. Probabilistic qos guarantee in reliability and timeliness domains in wireless sensor networks . In Proceedings of 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM'05) . Vol. 4 . 2646--2657. Felemban, E., Lee, C.-G., Ekici, E., Boder, R., and Vural, S. 2005. Probabilistic qos guarantee in reliability and timeliness domains in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM'05). Vol. 4. 2646--2657."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON'08)","author":"He T.","key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"He , T. , Ren , F. , Lin , C. , and Das , S. K . 2008. Alleviating congestion using traffic-aware dynamic routing in wireless sensor networks . In Proceedings of the 5th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON'08) . 233--241. He, T., Ren, F., Lin, C., and Das, S. K. 2008. Alleviating congestion using traffic-aware dynamic routing in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 5th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON'08). 233--241."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS'03)","author":"He T.","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"He , T. , Stankovic , J. , Lu , C. , and Abdelzaher , T . 2003. SPEED: A stateless protocol for realtime communication in sensor networks . In Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS'03) . 46--55. He, T., Stankovic, J., Lu, C., and Abdelzaher, T. 2003. SPEED: A stateless protocol for realtime communication in sensor networks. 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In Proceedings of the 8th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium. 55--66 . Lu, C., Blum, B. M., Abdelzaher, T. F., Stankovic, J. A., and He, T. 2002. Rap: A real-time communication architecture for large-scale wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 8th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium. 55--66."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS.2005.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2007.061612"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Poor R. D. 2000. Gradient routing in ad hoc networks. www.media.mit.edu\/pia\/Research\/ESP\/texts\/poorieeepaper.pdf.  Poor R. D. 2000. Gradient routing in ad hoc networks. www.media.mit.edu\/pia\/Research\/ESP\/texts\/poorieeepaper.pdf."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing, and Control (ICNSC'06)","author":"Pothuri P. 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